ГБОУ СПО «КРАЕВОЙ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЙ ТЕХНИКУМ»

ГБОУ СПО «КРАЕВОЙ ИНДУСТРИАЛЬНЫЙ ТЕХНИКУМ»

АНГЛИЙСКИЙ ЯЗЫК

учебно-методическое пособие

для студентов заочного отделения 1 года обучения

Содержание

Общие методические рекомендации…………………………………………….3

Список использованной литературы…………………………………………….3

Unit 1

1. Личные местоимения………………………………………………………4

2. Глагол to be в простом настоящем времени……………………………...4

3. The Present Indefinite Tense (простое настоящее время)…………………5

4. The Present Continuous Tense (настоящее продолженное время)……….7

5. Артикли…………………………………………………………………….8

6. Притяжательные местоимения…………………………………………..9

7. Объектный падеж личных местоимений………………………………..10

8. Конструкция there is/there are…………………………………………….10

Revision……………………………………………………………………….11

Unit 2

1. Модальный глагол can……………………………………………………14

2. Модальный глагол should………………………………………………...15

3. The Past Indefinite Tense (простое прошедшее время)………………….16

4. Простое прошедшее время глагола to be………………………………..16

5. Три формы неправильных глаголов……………………………………..17

6. Употребление many, much, a lot of, few, little, a few, a little……………18

7. The Future Indefinite Tense (простое будущее время)…………………..19

8. Модальный глагол may…………………………………………………...20

9. Выражение просьбы………………………………………………………20

10. Модальный глагол must………………………………………………….20

Revision……………………………………………………………………….24

Unit 3

1. The Present Perfect Tense (настоящее совершенное время)…………….28

2. Страдательный залог простого настоящего и прошедшего времени….30

3. Страдательный залог (продолжение)……………………………………33

Revision……………………………………………………………………….34

Контрольные работы

Вариант 1………………………………………………………………...……37

Вариант 2…………………………………………………………………...…39

Вариант 3……………………………………………………………...………41

Вариант 4………………………………………………………………...……43

Вариант 5……………………………………………………………………...46

Общие методические рекомендации

Учебно-методическое пособие предназначено для студентов-заочников.

Цель данного пособия – проведение вводно-коррекционного курса, подготовка студентов к чтению и пониманию аутентичных англоязычных текстов.

Пособие рассчитано как на аудиторную, так и на самостоятельную работу студентов.

Выбор варианта контрольной работы

Студент выполняет один из вариантов контрольной работы согласно последней цифры зачетной книжки: студенты, номер зачетной книжки которых оканчивается на 1 или 6, выполняют вариант 1, на 2 или 7 – вариант 2, на 3 или 8 – вариант 3, на 4 или 9 – вариант 4, 5 или 0 – вариант 5.

Список использованной литературы

1. Английский язык для экономических колледжей – учебное пособие. – М., Изд. Книготорговый центр «Маркетинг», 2002. – 358 с.

2. Клементьева Т.Б. Повторяем времена английского глагола. М., Высшая школа, 1990

3. Шевелева С.А., Скворцова М.В. «Английский язык для деловых людей. Ускоренный курс» М., Изд. «Банки и биржи» издательского объединения «ЮНИТИ», 1994. – 319 с.

Unit 1

Личные местоимения

2. Глагол to be в простом настоящем времени

Краткие ответы на вопросы

Ex.1 Составите предложения:

Ex.2 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Он преподаватель. Его зовут Петр (Pete).

2. Она в Москве. Она – преподаватель английского языка.

3. Он сейчас в Канаде. Он бизнесмен.

4. Меня зовут Михаил (Michael). Я бизнесмен. Я учу английский язык.

5. Вы бизнесмен, нет, я преподаватель.

6. Они сейчас не в Москве. Они в США.

7. Английский язык очень трудный. Это официальный язык в Великобритании, США, Канаде, Австралии, Новой Зеландии и некоторых других странах.

Ex.3 Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Are you an economist?

2. Are you a manager?

3. Are you a businessman?

4. Is English easy for you?

5. Is English (French, German, Spanish, Italian …) difficult for you?

6. Is English an official language in India?

Ex.4 Ответьте на вопросы о вашей жене (муже):

1. Is she (he) an economist?

2. Is she (he) a doctor?

3. Is she (he) a biologist?

4. Is he a businessman?

5. Is she a businessman?

6. Is she (he) a professor?

7. Is she an actress?

8. Is he an actor?

Ex.5 разыграйте диалоги:

1. – Are you a businessman?

- Yes, I am. I am a Russian businessman. Now I’m learning English.

2. – Are you a teacher?

- No, I’m not. I’m a businessman. I’m an English businessman.

3. – Is English easy?

- N, it is not.

- It is very difficult, to my mind.

Ex.6 Скажите несколько слов о себе и своем коллеге (об имени, профессии и месте пребывания в настоящее время).

The Present Indefinite Tense (простое настоящее время)

Краткие ответы на вопросы

Ex. 7 Составьте предложения:

Ex. 8 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Он говорит по-английски, - Нет. Он говорит по-французски.

Он живет в Канаде.

2. Они не говорят по-русски. Они говорят по-немецки.

3. Вы живете в Москве, - Да, и я работаю в Москве.

4. она работает в Томске, - Да. Она преподаватель французского языка.

5. Г-н Смит (Smith) живет и работает в Минске. Он бизнесмен.

Ex. 9 Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Do you live in the centre of the city?

2. Do you work for a company?

3. Do you speak English (French, German, Spanish, Italian …)?

4. Do you write documents in English?

5. Do you write many exercises in English?

6. Do you listen to the radio?

7. Do many Russian businessmen speak English?

8. Do you understand English businessmen?

Ex. 10 ответьте на вопросы о Вашей жене (Вашем муже):

1. Does she (he) work for a bank (company, international organization)?

2. Does she (he0 speak English?

3. Does she (he) write English?

4. Does she (he) speak many foreign languages?

Ex. 11 разыграйте диалоги:

1. – Do you work in Moscow?

- Yes, I do. I’m a businessman.

2. – Do you live in Strogino?

- Yes, I do. Very many people live in Strogino.

3. – Do you speak English?

- Yes, I do. But English is a very difficult language, to my mind.

Ex. 12 Скажите несколько слов о себе и своем коллеге (работе, местожительстве и о знании иностранных языков).

Артикли

Неопределенный артикль – определенный артикль

Две формы неопределенного артикля

Ex. 19 Объясните, почему употребляются или отсутствуют артикли в тексте:

Mr. Petrov is a businessman. He is a Russian businessman. Petrov is a Russian name. Besides, Ivanov, Sidorov, Nikolaev are __ Russian names.

Mr. Petrov lives in __ Omsk, Russia. He works in Omsk too. Now he is on __ business in __ France. He is in __ Paris. He is at __ office now. The office is big.

Tomorrow Mr. Petrov is going on __ business to __ Lyon, __ France.

Ex. 20 Вставьте неопределенный артикль в правильной форме:

1. It’s … office.

2. I am … businessman.

3. She is not … teacher.

4. Are you … Dutchman?

5. Mr. Smith is … Spanish businessman.

6. He is … visitor to Russia.

7. He is … Swiss teacher.

8. Is he … Englishman?

9. It’s … English text.

Притяжательные местоимения

Ex. 21 Переведите на русский язык:

1. His taxi arrives at the air terminal at ten past nine.

2. The driver puts luggage on the ground.

3. I take my luggage to the air terminal.

4. We give our tickets and passports to the official.

5. She gives me her earphones.

6. She takes their travellers’ cheques.

7. His book is on the desk.

8. I like Kiev and its streets.

9. I like Paris and its monuments.

Revision

Ex. 1 Выберите правильный вариант:

1. His office (is, are) in New York, the USA.

2. Their offices (is, are) in Bern, Switzerland.

3. I (am, is0 a teacher of English.

4. He (work, works) in Madrid, he (is, am) a businessman.

5. (Does, do) he work in Minsk?

6. We (do, does) not keep documents here.

7. We (are, is) learning English now.

8. (Are, is) you listening to me?

9. He never (listens, is listening) to me.

10. He usually (signs, is signing) all the documents after 11 o’clock.

11. Where is Mr. Jackson? – he (signs, is signing) the protocol.

12. He (spends, is spending) all his spare time at the club.

13. When I (go, am going) ob business I usually (fly, am flying).

14. I (go, am going) to Thailand on Sunday.

15. He (is, are) reading an English book.

16. He (don’t, doesn’t) understand me.

17. We (is, are) waiting for the bank official?

18. Who (waits, is waiting) for Mr. Brown?

19. It’s five o’clock. He (speaks, is speaking) French.

20. Listen, please. He (speaks, is speaking) French.

21. She (speaks, is speaking) three foreign languages.

22. He often (flies, is flying) when he goes on business.

23. There (are, is) three desks in the office.

24. There (are, is) a chair in the corner.

25. Jane is waiting. Let’s speak with (him, her).

26. Here are the travellers’ cheques. Look at (them, their).

27. Here is your ticket. Keep (it, its).

Ex. 2 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Три урока, пятнадцать разделов, девятнадцать слов, одиннадцать стран, четырнадцать зажигалок, двенадцать бизнесменов, два дорожных чека, пять билетов, четыре визита, два выхода, десять книг, шесть кассиров.

2. Сейчас 3 часа 15 минут. Сейчас 3 часа 30 минут. Сейчас 3 часа 45 минут. Который сейчас час,

Ex. 3 Ответьте на вопросы:

a)

1. Have you got any friends in England?

2. Are you going to England?

3. Are any of your friends going to England?

4. Do your friends travel a lot?

5. What countries do they go to?

6. Do you completely trust your friends?

1. Is your friend a businessman?

2. Does he like his profession?

3. Does he speak English?

4. What's his name?

5. Where does he live?

1. Are you a businessman?

2. Do you like your work?

3. Do you often speak English?

4. Is English difficult to understand?

5. Is it difficult to speak?

1. What countries do Russian businessmen visit?

2. Do English businessmen often visit Russia?

3. Do many of them speak Russian?

b)

1. Do Russian businessmen often go on business abroad?

2. Do they fly when they go on business?

3. Have they got travellers' cheques with them?

4. Do they do business with many foreign firms?

1. Have you got a big office?

2. Is there a safe there?

3. What do you keep there? Where do you keep the documents?

4. Are there computers in your office?

1. What's the time now?

2. What is your wife doing now?

3. Does she go to the office every day?

1. How many children have you got?

2. Do your children speak foreign languages?

3. Are they learning foreign languages?

4. Does your elder (younger) son (daughter) like Westerns?

5. Do they spend a lot of time in front of TV?

6. Do you often take them to the theatre?

Ex. 4 Переведите на английский язык:

a)

Мою жену зовут Мария (Mary). Она преподаватель. Ей нравится ее профессия. Сейчас половина десятого. Она сейчас едет в аэропорт. Она улетает в Италию. Она хорошо говорит по-итальянски. Она любит путешествовать.

b)

1. Здравствуйте, рад Вас видеть.

2. Познакомьтесь, г-н Смит.

3. Я очень устал.

4. Это было длительное путешествие.

5. Разрешите донести Ваш чемодан.

6. Спасибо, это очень любезно с Вашей стороны.

7. Который час? – Без десяти двенадцать.

Unit 2

1. Модальный глагол can

Выражение просьбы

Ex. 14 Переведите на английский язык в нескольких вариантах и объясните разницу:

1. Дайте, пожалуйста, Ваш паспорт.

2. Подпишите, пожалуйста, этот чек.

3. Поставьте здесь свою контрольную подпись.

4. Заполните этот бланк.

5. Следуйте за мной, пожалуйста.

Ex. 15 Прочитайте и разыграйте диалог:

- Good morning, sir. Would you like to sit here?

- May I see the menu, please?

- Certainly, sir. Would you like a starter?

- Yes, I'd like to have some crab salad.

- Would you like some fish?

- No, thank you. I'd like to have steak.

- Will you have any vegetables with it, sir?

- Yes, please. And will you bring me some wine, please?

- Of course, sir. Red or white?

- Red, please. Can you bring me some cigarettes?

- Certainly.

10. Модальный глагол must

A Business Letter

Dear Sir,

We would like to inform you that Mr. Petrov is arriving in Little Rock on the 14th February to begin talks with you.

Please make the necessary hotel reservation for him and let us know the name of the hotel.

Thank you for your cooperation.

Yours faithfully,

…

Words

Ex. 18 Прочитайте письмо и найдите английские эквиваленты:

1. Г-н Петров прибывает в Литл-Рок, чтобы начать переговоры.

2. Зарегистрируйте для него гостиницу.

3. Сообщите нам название гостиницы.

4. Благодарим за сотрудничество.

Ex. 19 Выпишите из текста письма:

1. Предложение с придаточным дополнительным (отвечающим на вопрос «что?»);

2. Повелительное предложение.

Ex. 20 Проверьте, помните ли Вы:

1. When is Mr. Petrov arriving in Little Rock?

2. Why is he coming to Little Rock?

3. What information do the Russian businessmen want to have?

4. For what do they thank the company?

Ex. 21 Переведите и перепишите письмо.

Ex. 22 Вставьте, где необходимо, артикли и перепишите письмо:

Dear Sirs,

Mr. Smith is arriving in Kiev on... 20th February. Please, make... ne­cessary hotel reservation for him for five days and let us know... name of... hotel.

On 25th February Mr. Smith will leave Kiev to visit his friend in Odessa.

Thank you for your cooperation. Yours faithfully,

…

Ex. 23 Вставьте, где необходимо, предлоги:

1. Mr. Black is arriving... Omsk... the 2nd February.

2. Please meet Mr. Snow... the airport.

3. Then he is flying... London.

4. He is visiting us... February.

5. Please, let us know... the name... the hotel.

6. Please inform us... the name... the airport.

7. Please make a reservation... the hotel.

8. Thank you... your cooperation.

Ex. 24 Переведите на английский язык:

1. два месяца

2. второе февраля

3. третье марта

4. двадцать второе февраля

5. Он прибывает в Москву 15 марта.

6. Он уезжает из Москвы 12 апреля.

Ex. 25 Прочитайте по-английски:

1939, 1921, 1917, 1929, 1949

Ex. 26 Дополните следующие письмо:

Dear Sirs,

We would like to inform you that Mr.... is arriving in... He will leave... on...

Please make the necessary hotel reservation for... for... days and let us

know the name...

We thank you...

Yours...

A reply

Dear Sirs,

We regret to inform you that we cannot reserve the hotel accommoda­tion for Mr. Petrov for the week of the 14th February. Our three hotels are completely booked up for the week. They have no rooms available because the National Word Processors Association will be holding their convention in Little Rock during the week of the 14th February. As you will surely understand they have to reserve as many rooms as possible for the members of the Association.

We propose to postpone your visit for a week. We can safely book a room for Mr. Petrov for the 21st February. We hope this will suit you and we look forward to hearing from you soon.

Yours faithfully,

…

Words

Revision

Ex. 1 выберите правильный вариант:

1. Yesterday I (checked in, have checked in) at the Bristol Hotel.

2. I (looked through, have looked through) the catalogues. The prices are very high.

3. We (bought, have bought) these machines at a good price last year.

4. We (sent, have sent) you our catalogues and price-lists. We expect you to send us a letter.

5. I (signed, have signed) the cheque. You can give it to Mr. Smith.

6. I (have spoken, spoke) with the Sales Manager. He can meet the order of 2000 desks.

7. Yesterday he (has joined, joined) us for lunch.

8. He (has travelled, travelled) a lot. He (has been, was) to Australia and New Zealand lately.

9. When he was young he (has travelled, travelled) a lot.

10. We (reserved, have reserved) accommodation at the Tavistock Hotel the day before yesterday.

11. There are very (few, little) passengers at the Departure Control.

12. There is very (few, little) milk in the bottle.

13. There is very (many, much) food on the tray.

14. Can you give me (a few, a little) marmalade?

15. There is very (little, few) tea in the pot.

16. He didn't have (many, much) luggage.

17. There were very (many, much) appetizers on the menu.

18. Don't order (many, much) wine. I want just (a few, a little).

19. I haven't looked through (many, much) price-lists but I think your prices are high.

20. I'd like to buy (a few, a little) postcards.

21. He showed very (little, few) interest in the project.

22. He has made very (many, much) money.

23. I didn't go to the enquiry office (too, either).

24. I made an appointment for 11 o'clock (too, either).

25. Mr. Smith isn't here. Mr. Black isn't available (either, too).

26. He countersigned the travellers' cheques (too, either).

27. Look! It (is raining, rains).

28. It never (is raining, rains) here in December.

29. What (is, are) the news?

30. (The, __) news is not very good.

31. The goods (is, are) in S.-Petersburg now.

32. The goods (has, have) not arrived yet.

33. Please inform us where the goods (is, are) at the moment.

34. We haven't received (the, __) money yet.

Ex. 2 Напишите во множественном числе существительные:

businessman, Englishman, catalogue, colleague, company, enquiry, city, secretary, child, man, woman, specimen, house, cheque, traveller, manu­facturer.

Ex. 3 Напишите три формы глаголов:

to bring, to keep, to open, to ask, to put, to import, to leave, to see, to send, to sit, to show, to drive, to come, to arrive, to post, to fly, to give, to go, to hear, to meet, to take, to speak, to sign, to hold, to call, to notice, to deserve, to try.

Ex. 4 Вставьте, где необходимо, артикли и перескажите текст:

On Monday morning Richard got up early. He looked at his watch. It was... quarter to seven. At 9 o'clock he had... appointment with Mr. Smith,... Sales Manager of Jackson and Co.

He washed, shaved and dressed. Then he went to... restaurant. He sat down at... table in... corner. For breakfast he ordered... cornflakes with milk,... omelette,... piece of toast and jam.... waiter brought him... pot of... coffee.

After breakfast Richard went to... City by... tube. At 9 o'clock he was in... offices of Brown and Co. on... third floor of... tall grey building. Mr. Smith met him and showed him into... office.

Ex. 5 Составьте предложения, выражающие просьбу, по следующему образцу:

1. Bring me a coffee, please.

2. Can you bring me a coffee?

3. Will you bring me a coffee?

1. Bring me a coke (a lemonade, a whisky), please.

2. Give me the bill, please.

3. Make a reservation at the hotel, please.

Ex. 6 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Вы можете забронировать номер в гостинице?

2. Могу я задать вам вопрос?

3. Они могут прислать нам каталоги и прейскуранты.

4. Сможем ли мы продать машины по этой цене?

5. можно мне представить Вам своего коллегу?

6. Я смогу просмотреть эти документы завтра.

7. Я могу послать эти приглашения сегодня во второй половине дня.

8. Он не умеет водить машину.

9. Вы не принесете мне счет?

10. Я могу Вам помочь?

11. Вы можете подтвердить Вашу цену и условия платежа?

12. мы можем оплатить в долларах или фунтах стерлингов.

Ex. 7 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Завтра я должен рано встать.

2. Вам нужно забронировать номер в гостинице.

3. Я сегодня должен просмотреть эти каталоги.

4. Мне нужно уехать через несколько дней.

5. Нам нужно закончить эту работу в пятницу утром.

6. Я должен возвратиться во вторник во второй половине дня.

7. Нам нужно обсудить эту проблему сегодня.

8. Вам нужно поставить здесь контрольную подпись.

9. Я должен подтвердить цену сегодня.

10. Вам нужно заполнить эту анкету по-английски.

Ex. 8 Ответьте на вопросы:

1. Do you import or export goods?

2. Do you usually pay for collection or on credit?

3. Do you write letters or telexes to foreign firms?

4. Do you import goods in small or big quantities?

5. Is it easy or difficult for you to read documents in English?

Ex. 9 Переведите на английский язык:

1. Слишком много кофе нехорошо для Вас.

2. Дайте мне, пожалуйста, сахару.

3. На подносе было много еды.

4. Вы хотите джему?

5. Мы заинтересованы в качестве этого товара.

6. На эти изделия нет спроса.

7. Пиво мне вредно.

Ex. 10 Ответьте на вопросы и суммируйте ответы:

1. What country did you visit last year?
What cities did you see?

How long did you stay there?

2. What do you plan to do next?
Will you go on business?

Have you made a reservation in your name?

3. Have you travelled a lot this year?
What cities (countries) have you seen?
Which of them did you like?

Ex. 11 Прочитайте следующий образец и составьте аналогичные высказывания:

I cannot write this telex. I want you to do it for me.

1. I cannot make a reservation.

2. I cannot accompany Mr. Smith to the General Manager’s office.

3. I cannot go to the enquiry office.

4. I cannot meet Mr. Black at the airport.

Ex. 12 Напишите прописью по-английски следующие цифры в платежных документах:

27, 156, 400, 4000, 2348, 5247, 957, 493, 5657, 17926.

Ex. 13 Прочитайте, перепишите и переведите письмо:

Rusexport

Moscow, 22nd September, 1992

Russia.

Dear Sirs,

We have read, with interest, the information in your catalogue about "Easiwarm blankets".

We are looking for an exporter who could supply us with blankets on a regular basis. We are interested in blankets both double and single sizes.

Probably you could let us know your export prices and terms of pay­ment. As we usually place big orders we expect a quantity discount.

If your conditions are acceptable to us we can place regular large orders.

We look forward to hearing from you.

Yours faithfully,

W. Johnson

Sales Manager

Notes:

1. blanket [΄blænkit] – одеяло

2. acceptable [ək΄septəbl] – приемлемый

Ex. 14 Переведите на русский язык:

1. We have read, with interest, the information in your catalogues...

2. We are looking for an exporter who could supply us with blankets on a regular basis.

3. Probably you can let us know your export prices and terms of payment.

4. As we usually place big orders we expect a quantity discount.

5. If your conditions are acceptable to us we can place regular large orders.

Ex. 15 Дополните письмо по своему усмотрению:

Dear Sirs,

We have read, with interest, the information about your.... We are looking for... who could export...

We are interested in high-quality.... As we usually place big orders we expect a quantity....

Will you please inform us of your... of payment and other conditions.

Yours...,

Unit 3

Revision

Ex.1 Выберите правильный вариант:

1. English (is said, is spoken) in many countries in the world.

2. Yesterday he (said, spoke) at the shareholders’ meeting.

3. High prices (are quoted, quoted) in this price-list.

4. They (are quoted, quote) very high prices in their catalogue.

5. The price problem (has been settled, has settled).

6. We (have been settled, have settled) the price problem.

7. The goods (were delivered, delivered) a few days ago.

8. We (were delivered, delivered) the goods a few days ago.

9. The terms of payment (will be discussed, will discuss) tomorrow.

10. We (will discuss, will be discussed) the terms of payment tomorrow.

11. He (is authorized, authorized) to sign all the documents on behalf of the company.

12. A lot of money (has invested, has been invested) in the tourist industry.

13. Our account (can open, can be opened) either with Lloyd’s or Barclay's.

Ex. 2 Напишите три формы глагола:

to grow, to increase, to read, to find, to cost, to draw, to get, to mean, to settle, to tell, to see, to accept, to refer, to say, to cash, to go, to think, to fill, to give, to miss, to despatch, to hold, to bring, to spend, to take.

Ex. 3 Прочитайте:

1. On the 31st January...

2. Your enquiry dated 2nd August 1992...

3. Our letter of 12th November 1992...

4. Your offer of March 1st 1991...

5. On the 24th February...

6. Your enquiry of 23rd May...

7. Your letter of confirmation of 28th July...

8. On June 19th...

Ex. 4 Произнесите по-английски следующие годы:

1989, 1975, 1986, 1990, 1993, 1984, 1985, 1948, 1860, 1978, 1972, 1964, 1968, 1971, 1976, 1981, 2000.

Ex. 5 Переведите на английский язык и прочитайте:

315 брошюр, 15600 фунтов стерлингов, 210000 канадских долларов, 1250 ковров, 3590 американских долларов, 875 калькуляторов, 20540 рублей (Roubles).

Ex. 6 Выберите правильный вариант:

1. I haven’t (many, much) cash on me.

2. How (many, much) will it cost?

3. How (many, much) leaflets have you sent to the firm?

4. These publicity materials don’t give (much, many) information on the new model.

5. There weren’t (many, much) people there.

6. Don’t put (many, much) sugar into my tea. I want just (a few, a little).

7. Don’t buy (many, much) postcards here. I know a better shop.

8. Will you have (a few, a little) more marmalade?

9. Very (many, much) securities are traded at the Stock Exchange.

Ex. 7 Прочитайте текст и подчеркните придаточные предложения одной чертой, сказуемые в придаточных предложениях – двумя чертами.

London and finance

London, the capital of the United Kingdom, is a political, cultural, commercial, industrial and financial centre of the country. At the same time London is one of the world’s financial capitals. The business centre of London is the City, where numerous banks, various exchanges, insurance offices, shipping and other companies have their head offices.

At the heart of the City is the London Stock Exchange where millions of shares and securities are traded daily. There are also exchanges in several other cities of the United Kingdom but the London Stock Exchange is the most important. Here through the Exchange members the investor can buy or sell shares in any of the thousands of companies which are quoted on the Exchange and many more companies which are quoted on recognized exchanges overseas. The London Stock Exchange offers the largest range and number of securities quoted on any Stock Exchange in the world. In volume of business it ranks third to New York and Tokyo.

London is also the headquarters of many prominent international banking and insurance concerns which deal in foreign shares, insurance and bonds and handle English investments in other countries.

The central feature of government finance is the Bank of England, founded under a royal charter as a private company in 1694 to provide loans to the Government and nationalized in 1946 by Act of Parliament. The Bank of England is the country's national bank, it carries out govern­ment monetary policies and acts as the “banker’s bank” for privately owned banks and other Commonwealth nations.

Most domestic banking operations of the United Kingdom are carried on by the commercial clearing banks. The main commercial banks are Lloyds Bank, Barclays Bank, Midland Bank and National Westminster Bank, often referred to as “the Big Four”.

Контрольные работы

1 вариант

1. Поставьте глаголы, стоящие в скобках, в нужную форму, в зависимости от смысла в Past Simple или Present Perfect. Запишите полученные предложения. Переведите их на русский язык.

1) I (not, to see) this film yet, but I (to hear) a lot about it.

2) He isn’t here, he just (to go) out.

3) Last winter I (to spend) a lot of time in the library.

4) (To arrive) the train? – No, it hasn’t.

5) I (to meet) him yesterday.

2. Поставьте предложение в Past Simple и Future Simple, обращая внимание на наречия времени.

1) I help my wife about the house.

2) They do their shopping every day.

3) She gets to work by train every day.

4) He starts his work at 8.15 a.m.

5) I always have a lot of work to do.

3. Прочитайте текст. Задайте вопросы, используя вопросительные слова, данные в скобках.

Gotlif Daimler and Charles Benz were two inventors. They lived in Germany (where?). They were both interested in car production (what?). At the end of the 19^th century each of them designed a car (when?). At the same time they organized two independent firms to produce them (what?). All the cars produced by the firm of Daimler were called “Mercedes” (what?). Mercedes was a daughter’s name of one of the stock-holders of the firm who saved the firm of Daimler from the financial crisis (who?). But after the World War I the firm of Daimler had to join the firm of Benz (when?). And so the cars which were produced by the firm “Daimler-Benz” were called “Mercedes-Benz”.

4. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глаголы в форму Present simple или Present Continuous.

1) This car (make) a very strange noise. You (think) it is all right? – Oh, that noise (not matter). It always (make) a noise like that.

2) You (recognize) that man? I (think) I have seen him before but I (not remember) his name.

3) Look at that crowd: what they (wait) for?

5. Спишите, подчеркните сказуемое. Определите залог глагола. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) He was much spoken to.

2) He studies at our Institute.

3) When I saw him he was going home.

4) He has decided to sing this contract.

5) I am often asked at the seminars.

6. Прочитайте текст и выполните задания к нему:

What is business?

Business is a word which is commonly used in many different languages. But exactly what does it mean? Traditionally business simply meant exchange or trade for things people wanted or needed.

Today it has more technical definition. One definition of business is the production, distribution and sale of goods and services for a profit. We will look at its various parts.

Production is the creation of the services or the changing of the materials into products (e.g. conversion of iron ore into metal car parts). Then these products need to be moved from the factory to the marketplace. This is known as distribution. A car is moved from a factory in Detroit to a car dealership in Miami. Third is the sale of goods and services. Sale is the exchange of the product or service for money. A car is sold to someone in exchange for money. Goods are products which people either need or want. Cars can be classified as goods. Services, on the other hand, are activities which a person or group performs for another person or organization. For instance, an auto mechanic performs a service when he repairs a car.

Business, then, is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale. However, there is another important factor. This factor is the creation of profit or economic surplus. Profit is the money that remains after all the expenses are paid. Creating an economic surplus or profit is, therefore, a primary goal of business activity.

1) Выпишите из текста предложения, в которых сказуемое поставлено в пассивном залоге.

2) Выпишите предложения, в которых есть придаточные предложения.

3) Выпишите все вводные слова.

2 вариант

1. Употребите глагол, стоящий в скобках в форме Present Simple. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) Ann’s parents (not to live) in Perm.

2) We (to read) newspapers every day.

3) Winter (to begin) in December and (to end) in February.

4) My son (not to like) oranges.

5) Where … you (to work)?

6) When … Kate (to get up)?

7) I (to like to walk) in the forest.

8) His sister (to play) tennis well.

2. Переведите предложение ан английский язык:

1) Куда они ездят летом?

2) Кто живет в этой комнате?

3) Они любят помогать своим друзьям.

4) Мне не нравится эта книга.

5) Вы изучаете английский в школе?

6) Твоя дочь хочет стать экономистом или учителем математики?

7) Что твои родители делают вечерами?

8) Том не выращивает черную смородину в своем саду.

3. Употребите соответствующие неопределенные местоимения. Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) She wanted to buy (немного) rice and (несколько) apples.

2) My sister eats (много) sugar.

3) Ann has (мало) friends.

4) She does (много) but talks (мало).

5) We have (мало) knowledge of the subject.

4. Составьте предложения из следующих слов, переведите предложения на русский язык.

1) This, is, bag, mine, not.

2) Son’s, is, name, her, Tom.

3) They, the, are, garden, in?

4) Old, daughter, is, how, your.

5) Never, brother, late, is, my.

6) Are, we, from, not, Perm.

5. Выберите правильное притяжательное местоимение.

1) Is this (your/yours) book?

2) It’s (their/theirs) problem, not (our/ours).

3) Are these (your/yours) shoes?

4) That’s not (my/mine) umbrella. (My/mine) is yellow.

5) They know (our/ours) address but we don’t know (their/theirs).

6) (My/mine) room is bigger than (her/hers), but (her/hers) is nicer.

6. Прочитайте текст и выпишите предложения, которые по своему содержанию совпадают с вашей биографией. Переведите эти предложения.

My biography

My name is Alia. I am Russian. I was born on May 5, 1977 in Perm. Two years ago our family moved to Moscow where I live now together with my parents. My father is a doctor, he works at a hospital. My mother is a housewife. She has much work to do about the house. We are five in the family. I have sister and brother. Lucy is in the fifth form and Boris is a pupil of the ninth form. Our family is very united. Some years ago I finished school № 11 in Perm. I always did well at school and studied with great interest. I also took an active part in social life, attended sport sections and subject circles. My favourite subject at school was Literature. My teacher of Literature was a well-educated man with broad outlook and deep knowledge of the subject. He taught us to understand Russian classics, to appreciate the language and the style. He acquainted us with modern authors, helped to understand modern history and life better. He also encouraged me in my desire to become a teacher of Literature. My dream became true. I graduated from Moscow University and now I work al school.

7. Прочитайте текст. Выпишите предложения, в которых сказуемое употреблено в пассивном залоге. Переведите предложение на русский язык.

Market

Traditionally a market is a place where people buy and sell things. An example is a farmers’ market where you can buy vegetables directly from farmers. But for economists the word “market” means something slightly different. It refers lo the actions of buying and selling, not just to the place where things are bought and sold. A market can exist even if the buyers and sellers never meet - foe example, mail-order business. A market is made up of people and actions. The people in a market are all the buyers and sellers of a product or service. The action of a market is buying and selling, that is, exchanging a product or service for money.

The idea of a market economy started about 200 years ago, during the Industrial Revolution in England in the 18th century. This was the lime when goods began to be made in factories with large machines powered by steam or water instead of being made by hand. As individual inventors, industrialists and entrepreneurs became

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