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Ex 6 . Discuss these questions with your partner.





· Which gestures have the same meaning in your culture?

· Which gestures have a different meaning?

· What gestures do you use to communicate these ideas?

· Are there any gestures you especially like? Dislike? Why?

Ex 7. Translate from English into Russian.

Types of nonverbal communication and body language

There are many different types of nonverbal communication. Together, the following nonverbal signals and cues communicate your interest and investment in others.

Facial expressions

The human face is extremely expressive, able to express countless emotions without saying a word. And unlike some forms of nonverbal communication, facial expressions are universal. The facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and disgust are the same across cultures.

Body movements and posture

Consider how your perceptions of people are affected by the way they sit, walk, stand up, or hold their head. The way you move and carry yourself communicates a wealth of information to the world. This type of nonverbal communication includes your posture, bearing, stance, and subtle movements.

Gestures

Gestures are woven into the fabric of our daily lives. We wave, point, beckon, and use our hands when we’re arguing or speaking animatedly—expressing ourselves with gestures often without thinking. However, the meaning of gestures can be very different across cultures and regions, so it’s important to be careful to avoid misinterpretation.

Eye contact

Since the visual sense is dominant for most people, eye contact is an especially important type of nonverbal communication. The way you look at someone can communicate many things, including interest, affection, hostility, or attraction. Eye contact is also important in maintaining the flow of conversation and for gauging the other person’s response.

Touch

We communicate a great deal through touch. Think about the messages given by the following: a firm handshake, a timid tap on the shoulder, a warm bear hug, a reassuring pat on the back, a patronizing pat on the head, or a controlling grip on your arm.

Space

Have you ever felt uncomfortable during a conversation because the other person was standing too close and invading your space? We all have a need for physical space, although that need differs depending on the culture, the situation, and the closeness of the relationship. You can use physical space to communicate many different nonverbal messages, including signals of intimacy, aggression, dominance, or affection.

Voice

We communicate with our voices, even when we are not using words. Nonverbal speech sounds such as tone, pitch, volume, inflection, rhythm, and rate are important communication elements. When we speak, other people “read” our voices in addition to listening to our words. These nonverbal speech sounds provide subtle but powerful clues into our true feelings and what we really mean. Think about how tone of voice, for example, can indicate sarcasm, anger, affection, or confidence

Speaking

Ex 8. Imagine that you are invited to a training course with a famous psychologist. Ask him some questions that can help you to make a report about the body language.

Ex 9. Make a report “Body Language in different cultures” basing on answers of the expert, using the information of the unit and from the Internet.

Writing

Ex 10. Write an essay “The efficiency of nonverbal communication”.

Lesson 4.3.3. My style

Reading

Ex 1. Read a magazine article in which four men talk about the clothes they like to wear.

You are what you wear

A Alan Upshire

I would like to be taller. I have a long body and short legs, but I have no problems in dressing for work – smart suits, shirts and tires are the order of the day, and I do invest in good quality suits that keep going for years. My appearance is important for the work I do and I now know what labels to buy for suits that are going to fit well. What I have trouble with is casual wear for weekends – you know, the right sort of informal look for supper with friends, or taking the kids out. I’d like to find the perfect casual jacket, but I hate ties and wouldn’t wear one out of work. I want to look casual and stylish even though I’m in my forties. I don’t like to see older men wearing trainers, but I don’t know what type of casual shoes to buy, for example.

B Barry Sheldon

Being an actor, the way I look can affect my opportunities and the parts I get. I’ve got used to wearing my hair long, but I know it’s time for a change now. But how short do I go, and what style should I choose? That’s the problem because I want it to look dramatic, I want a new look. My style of dressing is simple and stylish, especially for rehearsals when I’ll go in jeans and T-shirt. But I also work part-time at a film-sales company and, although I work mostly on the phone, I have to look smarter. I don’t mind shopping for clothes, but I’m not very good if I have anyone with me because I like to browse at my own pace, you know, try lots things on. I find I buy a lot of things in black and white. It’s simple and stylish and easy to put together.

C Chris Theydon

I hate shopping for clothes and will only do so when it’s absolutely necessary – about once every six months. My girlfriend usually comes with me because she has better taste than I do! I’d describe my style of dress as very casual, perhaps bordering with scruffy. I try to avoid wearing smart clothes, and this may be something to do with the fact that I’m hopeless at keeping things smart. Ironing’s a skill I’ve never really mastered, for example. Also, as I was in uniform for about twelve years when I was in the army, I never really had to think about all this somehow. I know I should be smarter for work, but it’s a pretty relaxed office and so jeans and T-shirt is the norm. It’s very rare for me to wear a suit, but as I’ve got about three friends’ wedding coming up, perhaps I ought to think about a new one.

D Des Waltham

I would describe my style of dressing as individual. I know what I like and I know what will suit a particular occasion. I’m very worried about the effect clothes have on the way other people react to you. I’ll wear a suit if I think it will make a meeting more productive or my oldest jeans if I want to shock people. I like shopping and I like clothes, but I don’t like shopping for clothes. Where I shop depends on where I am and as I traveled abroad a lot, I’m also looking for bargains in the sales wherever I go. One problem is that my wife is a fashion designer and so I always get a reaction to the things I buy, although she’s long since given up trying to influence me.

Ex 2. Look through the text. For questions below choose the right person. The people may be chosen more than once.

Which of men:

Sometimes tries to surprise people through the clothes he wears?

Admits that his clothes are generally untidy?

Buys clothes which last a long time?

Is used to being criticized for clothes he chooses?

Likes to get a good deal when buying clothes?

Needs help with clothes for less formal occasions?

Needs to have the right clothes to get work?

Needs help in choosing his clothes?

Needs different clothes for different types of work?

Admits he doesn’t’ look after his clothes very well?







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