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Replace the phrases in italics with modal verb need or the full verb need to.





1) Is it necessary for you to go so soon? – Do you need to go so soon?

2) Is it necessary for me to wait till you return?

3) It's not necessary for them to wait.

4) It's hardly necessary for me to explain it.

5) There is no need for him to learn about this.

6) I don't think there is any need for you to explain.

 

Use must not or need not to fill the spaces in the following sentences.

1) You need not ring the bell; I have a key.

2) Notice in cinema: Exit doors … be locked during performances.

3) You … drink this: it is poison.

4) We … drive fast; we have plenty of time.

5) You … drive fast. There is a speed limit here.

6) Candidates … bring books into the examination room.

7) You … write to him for he will be here tomorrow.

Add your comments to the sentences, using needn’t have.

1) The letter was so untidy, I wrote it out again. – Really? You needn’t have written it out again.

2) He was so worried about being late that he sent the letter fax.

3) She was so worried about not getting a seat that she bought a first-class ticket.

4) We were not sure about sheets and towels, so we brought our own.

5) Nill was worried about not fulfilling the work.

6) I have paid the bill in advance.

7) Bill has spoken about that incident to Reagan. Reagan is very upset.

8) The old people thought the room was dirty, so they cleaned it out themselves.

9) I didn’t know that you were coming home, so I cooked my own supper.

Now rewrite these comments using didn’t need to.

1) – You didn’t need to write it again.

2) …………. etc.

 

Translate from Russian into English.

1) Незачем было так торопиться. У нас было достаточно времени.

2) "Должны ли мы перевести всю статью сегодня?" - "Нет, не надо. Вы можете это сделать завтра.

3) Тебе больше не надо носить форму.

4) Ничего не говори, если не хочешь.

5) Возможно, что тебе придется ехать поездом.

6) Я зря дожидался окончания программы.

7) Не надо так громко говорить, я слышу.

8) Напрасно вы так волновались, все прошло отлично.

9) Надо починить крышу и перекрасить стены в доме.

10) Зря ты последовал его советам, я в нем не уверена.

11) Я думаю, что тебе надо проконсультироваться у опытного юриста.

12) Вам совсем не надо было ехать в такую даль.

 

 

Unit 6 To have (got) + Infinitive

The verb to have + Infinitive, or to have to, is not a defective verb. It has all the necessary finite forms and auxiliary verbs building up the interrogative and negative forms: I have to work to make a living. Hugo has to work. They had to work. Did they hav e to work? You didn’t have to work. I will not have to work.

 

The verb to have got + Infinitive, or to have got to is used in colloquial and especially in American English. It is found in all kinds of sentences but it has no auxiliary verbs in the interrogative and negative forms: He hasn’t got to go. Has he got to go?

1. To have (got) to is served to convey obligation or necessity imposed by circumstances in present future or past: I have to visit my sister. (Я должен = я вынужден, мне приходится = посетить сестру). You will have to work to make your living. You had to work to make your living.

 

2. Do not have/have not got are served to say that there is no obligation: Simon doesn’t have to tell Patrick about that accident.

E x e r c i s e s

Comment on the meaning of have to and have got to. Translate the sentences into Russian.

1) Bill saw me and I had to tell him what had happened. (necessity due to some circumstances)

2) Something – he didn’t know what – had to be done at once.

3) I will have to go home and get some things from the laboratory.

4) He is almost giddy with anger, and has to steady himself on the chair.

5) He may have to go to Monte Carlo with his father.

6) I had to fight my tears back while listening to his stories.

7) Things that were dangerous had to be destroyed.

8) She will have to see that doctor.

9) You have got to think about me now.

10) What you have got to do is to destroy the thing that is upstairs.

Use a construction with the modal verb have to in place of the words in italics.

1) It will be necessary for him to try harder if he wants to win the prize. He will have to try harder.

2) It has been necessary for them to save hard to buy their new hi-fi.

3) Because of the snow she has been finding it necessary to walk to college.

4) It had already been necessary for us to clear the office floor twice before the boss asked us to clear it again.

5) It would have been necessary for me to pay twice as much to travel first class.

6) We are finding it necessary to cut back on staff because of a shortage of orders.

3.Match these clauses with the have (got) to clauses.

1) It’s getting late…… 2) You broke the window……. 3) The car has broken down……. 4) Mother is away…….. 5) I have got it all wrong…… 6) Her son is ill…….. 7) The date fixed in the bill is Friday………   a) So I am afraid we’ve got to walk. b) So I have got to start all over again. c) So we’ve got to look after ourselves. d) So you have got to pay the bill on Thursday. e) So we have to go home. f) So you have to pay for it. g) So she has to see the doctor.  






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