VERBALS ( NONFINITE FORMS OF THE VERB )

Entry test

Unit 2

1) to provide 2) get out 3) keep 4) have 5) try 6) deal 7) to get 8) laugh 9) to be talking 10) to be watched 11) to have scored 12) to have had 13) to translate 14) ring 15)to have had) 16) for me to read 17) of a play to be performed

Unit 3

18) with doing 19) with me for bringing 20) being congratulated 21)speaking/having spoken 22 coming / having come 23) talking 24) by observing 25) of my forgetting 26) in basing 27) in running 28) having seen 29) to inform 30) saying/having said 31) being included 32) against buying 33) in copying

Unit 4

34) stolen 35) taking 36) seen 37) being repaired 38) employing 39) spoilt 40) possessed 41) being dressed 42) (when/while) trying 43) made 44) to be convened 45) beating 46) being drawn 47) being 48) set 49) not touching 50) having fallen

Unit 2

51) I think I had better ask how to get to the square not to get lost.

52) The rebels let the reporter walk around the camp and take photographs.

53) The advert is supposed to appear tomorrow. So we’ll know all the details.

54) The roads are wet. It must have been raining in the night.

55) I’d prefer to stay at home rather than go to a restaurant. I have a headache.

56) What makes him sign this contract?

57) Why not speak English? Everyone here understands it.

58) There was nothing for her to do but confess.

58) When the financial statement was brought and the director looked it through he couldn’t but get angry.

60) The only interest of big companies is to get more profit.

61) There are a lot of things in the world to make you unhappy.

62) She stepped back for me to pass.

63) I’d like you to explain me this rule.

64) Nobody expected them to leave so early.

65) They felt her voice tremble.

66) I’m sorry to have caused trouble.

67) My sister is said to look like me.

68) The fire is sure to cause panic on the ship.

69) The members of the Board are supposed to come to an agreement.

70) The book seems to be very popular among readers.

71) The glass parts of the furniture seem likely to have been broken during transportation.

72) He is known to have a different opinion on the subject.

73) The building appeared to have been damaged during the explosion of the neighbouring house.

74) I realised that my neighbours were difficult to deal with.

75) I’ll call a taxi for you not to be late.

76) It’s important for the documents to arrive on time.

77) Frankly speaking, I don’t mind staying here.

Unit 3

78) The only remedy for not being bored was walking with Ann in the garden.

79) She won’t be able to live without seeing you.

80) Do you mind stopping at a cafe to have a bite?

81) She was fond of arranging parties.

82) It kept raining heavily outside.

83) He was born with the gift of feeling beauty.

84) On waking up she went straight into the garden.

85) He succeeded in making a good impression on her.

86) That position was worth fighting for.

87) It’s no use crying over spilt milk.

88) In examining the crime scene important physical evidence was found.

89) The wallpaper needs changing.

90) She denied meeting/having met Richard in the park.

91) He was accused of committing crime.

92) She is fed up with looking for a job.

Unit 4

93) The articles published in this journal do not refer to the topic of your research work.

94) Existing methods of medical research differ greatly from those used ten years ago.

95) If you have your hair dyed, it will look much better.

96) Though arrived, the mail didn’t contain the information awaited.

97) She spoke as if being a great expert.

98) She heard the witness pronouncing her name.

99) Minsk is a big city, its population making about two million people.

100) Minsk is smaller compared to Moscow or London.

Review Exercises

1. 1) –, to 2) to 3) to 4) – 5) to 6) – 7) - 8) to, - 9) – 10) -,- 11) -.

2. 1) to be waiting 2) to be admired 3) to have, to have been gained 4) to have sharpened 5) to attract, to be attracted 6) to have been exhausted 7) to be watching, to make 8) to have put away 9) to be done 10) to guess 11) to see 12) to accept 13) to be standing 14) to be ignored 15) to do

3.

1) It was pleasant to be walking in a shady garden on a hot July day.

2) To tell the truth, I’ve read this book in translation.

3) He knows English well enough to translate this article.

4) The first thing to be done is to write out the new words.

5) It’s no use arguing with you. You are very stubborn, not to say more.

6) It’s never late to admit your mistake.

7) The hunting appeared to be worse than they expected.

8) We want everyone to possess civil rights.

9) He seemed to love his children, but he was too light-minded to think of their future.

10) George and his sister happened to have been bought by one and the same man.

4. 1) dressing 2) being 3) tightening 4) being 5) to fear 6) to have rescued 7) to understand 8) to have earned 9) not to be missed 10) to be appointed

5. 1) from 2) without 3) to 4) to, for 5) - 6) for 7) -, instead of 8) - 9) for 10) for 11) in 12) on 13) for 14) - 15) of 16) by 17) without 18) - 19) to 20) to

6.

1) It wasn’t sensible of me to be talking about it at dinner.

2) To find a good servant in this situation wasn’t easy.

3) Everything you planned to do is reasonable.

4) They were on the point of telling Trevor the thing he had feared to hear most of all.

5) He arranged for us to meet that evening.

6) For a while the company seemed to be standing on the edge of bankruptcy.

7) They accused Richard of having become head of the department without having any experience in cargo transportation.

8) Michael said something about her being a good lawyer and being able to cope with the case.

9) The member of the Board apologised for being late.

10) Jack was accused of receiving /having received the money using a forged passport.

11) He couldn’t remember sending the message.

12) Steve denied killing/having killed his friend.

7. A. 1) concerned 2) hijacking 3) to be 4) well-informed 5) carrying 6) to pick up 7) being 8) parking 9) hijacking

B. 1) hijacked 2) to lose 3) carrying 4) to stop 5) to get 6) to make 7) going 8) locking 9) to lock 10) locking 11) checking

8. 1) separated 2) compared 3) waiting 4) separating 5) sitting 6) remaining 7) spaced-out 8) breaking 9) separated 10) filing 11) positioning 12) having 13)compared 14) to do

9. 1) pattering 2) written 3) having garaged 4) left 5) affected 6) not being late 7) filled 8)having been 9) having been written 10) collected

10. 1) being 2) unaltered, changed 3) tremble 4) pronounced 5) sent 6) permitting 7) talking 8) fixed 9) having

11.

1) The man expecting you has come from the Middle East.

2) The man who was expecting you asked for your phone number.

3) The books ordered here are usually sent by post.

4) The man who ordered the books will arrive tomorrow.

5) He was too ill to get back to work within a month.

6) Though tired, he went to bed late.

7) It being very warm, the children slept in the open air.

8) The ship was sailing along the shore of the White Sea, hundreds of birds flying over it.

9) It was very dark, with not a single star being in the sky.

10) The sun set, the tourists made a fire.

11) Journalists and reporters are known world over for not showing proper respect to governments.

12) There exist state agencies formed to control public services.

12. 1) of 2) on/after 3) to 4) to 5) to 6) of 7) in 8) by 9) with 10) in 11) – 12) for 13) without 14) – 15) to 16) in 17) when 18) by 19) if/when 20) while/- 21) after 22) as if 23) at 24) if 25) to 26) for 27) with

13. 1) to comply 2) appreciate 3) to be examined 4) think 5) passing 6) being liked 7) swimming 8) being bred 9) to go 10) enter 11) to check 12) to drive 13) climb 14) answering 15) to be contacted 16) to kill 17) being chased 18) being afraid 19) having committed 20) quoted 21)to be restricted 22) to have been 23) preferred

14.

1) Any organisation involved in business does two things: it provides goods and services needed by customers.

2) The conditions created at the enterprise will make work more efficient.

3) We won’t have the long-lasting prospects without securing the nearest future.

4) It’s sometimes worth including questions into the report.

5) It’s no use crying over spilt milk.

6) These activities are held to give the managers the possibility of seeing the real situation.

7) The company applies this technique for making /to make the best decisions.

8) The Board of Directors arrived at a compromise leaving themselves a part of the annual profit, the rest being paid as dividends.

9) There is a small number of customers looking through every advertisement before deciding where to buy.

10) If presented in a table, the data will give the General manager a clear idea.

11) (While) reading the paper, I heard somebody knock at the door.

12) The books ordered last month haven’t arrived yet.

13) The drawn conclusions are based on new discoveries.

14) The language spoken by those tribes appeared to be German.

15) The boy took the fifth amendment ensuring witness protection.

16) A lawyer possessing some information dangerous for mafia is likely to be threatened.

17) Having no proof that the boy had talked to the killed man on the topic having any relation to the case, the hearing was cancelled.

18) They didn’t want to be interrupted.

19) When do you expect the goods to arrive?

20) Paper bags are said to ensure good safety of products from cold.

21) The plan appeared to be very good.

22) He seems to know the cause of the firm’s debt.

23) They are likely to have concluded a contract.

24) The goods seem to have been damaged during the storm.

25) I heard the truck come to the house.

26) Nobody expected it to happen.

27) Mark’s family being in danger, the case required a special caution.

28) On closing the door of the sitting room, Ann waited a little being absorbed in her thoughts.

29) Hearing his steps, Ann ran downstairs to meet him.

30) Being very slender, Mr Scimp looked young.

31) Having worked for this company for some time, I knew about its problems.

32) She was silent looking at her hands.

33) It was said as if thinking aloud.

34) Generally speaking. I don’t consider myself to be an optimist.

35) When asked, Ann let them understand t5hat she wouldn’t utter a single word.

36) Her spirit though suppressed wasn’t broken.

37) Having read the notes of the lectures, Nick considered himself to be ready to take the exam.

38) On coming back after University he worked out the principles of selecting staff.

39) Having been in the position of the head of the department for seven years, he has kept the custom of talking to his staff in a polite manner.

40) She can’t stand being kept waiting.

41) She is bored with doing the same job every day.

42) The letter was illegible as if being written in a hurry.

43) The judge demanded that those present in the court should speak only when spoken to.

44) Though surprised at boss’s appearance at work at such early hour, we didn’t show it.

45) We would like the losses of your company to be officially confirmed.

46) Frankly speaking, we are not doing very well.

47) The telephone company takes a strategically important position, only Ameritech threatening its Western borders.

48) As shown above, this company is expected to get the money from private financial investments.

49) To put it differently, limited liability gives the company members greater security in case of bankruptcy.

50) The economy will appear in another recession phase, with less goods being produced.

Progress Test

1. 1) b 2) a 3) c 4) a/b 5) c 6) b 7) b 8) a 9) a 10) b

2. 11) a 12) b 13) c 14) a 15) c

3. 16) b 17) a 18) b 19) c 20) b 21) c 22) a 23) a 24) b 25) a

4. 26) c 27) b 28) a 29) c 30) a 31) c

5. 32) having travelled 33) playing 34) being 35) judging 36) being stirred 37) turned 38) being absorbed 39) having dined 40) left 41) wanting 42) engaged 43) being 44) put 45) annoyed 46) told 47) determined 48) disapproving 49) reading 50) settle

6.

51) I can’t but agree with you.

52) To tell the truth, I haven’t read this book.

53) He was the first to break the silence.

54) I didn’t expect you to leave so soon.

55) I always considered them to be my friends.

56) Nick saw her enter the reading hall.

57) The Romans are known to have built good roads and fortresses on the British Isles.

58) He is unlikely to be appointed the General accountant.

59) He seems to have been working at this article for two weeks.

60) This building is said to have been constructed in the 17^th century.

61) The first thing we must do is to reserve tickets.

62) They are hard to please.

63) He was left without any money, and there was nobody to take care of him.

64) I wouldn’t like you to tell anyone what I have said.

65) I wanted to go to the concert yesterday, but it was impossible.

66) Would you mind my sitting in your room a little while?

67) When the verdict was pronounced, the accused couldn’t but cry.

68) I can’t remember lending you any money.

69) Sam didn’t expect Richard to jump into the waterfall.

70) Ann pretended not to have seen me when she met me in the street some days ago.

71) It is for the police to be involved in such cases as exceeding speed limit and careless driving.

72) The Queen has the power to prevent any politician from setting up dictatorship.

73) Have you got a complaint to put forward?

74) George invented a new machine which was known to be giving his master a good profit.

75) To put it mildly, he didn’t tell you the whole truth.

76) To cut the long story short, their fault hasn’t been proved.

77) Tracy couldn’t stand queuing for unemployment benefit.

78) The situation was so funny that nobody could help laughing.

79) My friends were fond of hitchhiking.

80) The director apologised for not keeping his promise.

81) At last I succeeded in passing my exam in economics.

82) I’m thinking of buying a new colour television set.

83) I was afraid of missing the train.

84) It’s no use calling him now. He is out.

85) Playing football takes all Steve’s spare time.

86) Creating new working places in this region will decrease the level of unemployment.

87) The attorney insisted on Mark’s testifying.

88) Jack got in touch with the bank to find out what sum of money remained on his current bank account.

89) He is known to be rather an experienced reporter to make bad mistakes in preparing an article for publishing.

90) Ten months passed after signing the contract.

91) What is the reason of your being dissatisfied?

92) In announcing the voting results there appeared dissatisfaction among the members of the Board of Directors.

93) The possibility of losing a job bothers many people used to the guarantee of employment.

94) These measures will give additional advantages of evaluating bank loans granted to industrial enterprises.

95) Both capital and skills possessed by people are the basis of ensuring public wealth.

96) Greece took measures ensuring its joining the European currency.

97) West-European law has the advantage of having been tested and appeared to be active.

98) You have the right to sell the company’s assets.

99) The success is usually guaranteed to the company which is the first to get the market niche.

100) The activity of any organisation is the activity of people aimed at achieving their goals.

NUMERALS

Entry test

1.

1) seven hundred thousand

2) one thousand five hundred and two, or fifteen hundred and two

3) five hundred thousand and ninety-seven

4) two hundred and three thousand six hundred and ten

5) four thousand five hundred million seven hundred thousand

2.

1) eleven hundred

2) nineteen ninety-nine

3) nineteen [ou] five

4) three thousand B. C.; (or thirty hundred B. C.)

5) two thousand and ten

3.

1) second 2) fouth 3) fifth 4) eighth 5) ninth 6) eighteenth 7) nineteenth 8) twentieth 9) twenty-first 10) thirtieth

4.

1) three hundred and twenty five (in US: three hundred twenty five)

2) seven hundred and nineteen (US: seven hundred nineteen)

3) three thousand and seventy seven (US: three thousand seventy-seven)

4) one/a hundred and one passengers

5) six hundred men

6) seven o five o; nine o

7) thirty – love

8) an eighth (or one eighth)

9) three eighths

10) one and four ninths

11) two-thirds of the population

12) two hundred and twenty over four hundred and eight

13) seven tenths of a mile.

14) nought point five, or point five (US: zero point five)

15) three point three seven five (or three point three hundred and seventy-five)

16) sixteen hundred B. C., or one thousand six hundred B. C.

5.

1) Three thousand and forty-two voters selected Ross. (A number that starts a sentence should always be spelled out, even if is over 100.)

2) forty-five. (Numbers under 100 are usually spelled out.)

3) ninety-nine percent. (Numbers under 100 are usually spelled out.)

4) One/A hundred and thirty-five men. (A number that starts a sentence should always be spelled out, even if is over 100.)

5) A third. (It is better to write out ordinal numbers unless they are used in special texts.)

6) No change is necessary.

7) Please, refer to page 184 in chapter 6 of your history book. (Whenever mentioning parts of a book (page numbers, sections, chapters, exercises), use figures.)

8) At eight the gong sounded for supper. (A number that starts a sentence should always be spelled out, even if is over 100.)

9) The show was visited by 1,525 people. (In writing, commas (but not full stops) are used to separate thousands.)

10) Three thousand pounds. (A definite number of the word 'thousand' is not made plural and is never followed by of.)

11) Eleven thousand one hundred. (When other numbers are used before hundred, thousand, etc., one, not a, is more usual.)

12) Correct. (In special or technical texts cardinals and ordinals should always be indicated by figures.)

13) A sample schedule appears on page 5. (Whenever mentioning parts of a book (page numbers, sections, chapters, exercises), figures are used.)

14) Private property worth $2,500,000. (In writing, commas (but not full stops) are used to separate thousands.)

6.

1) Millions of people die every year from starvation.

2) I’ve told him so hundreds of times.

3) He paid several million dollars.

4) Is it tram 5?

5) Read Lesson 5 again.

6) You owe me two hundred and eighty-one dollars.

7) Seven is a lucky number.

8) He lives in Flat 5.

9) Four hundred of people are participating in the Congress.

10) Forty-two dollars and twenty-five cents covered all his expenses.

11) Thirteen were from California.

12) You’ll need a dozen eggs to make the cake.

13) He was the hundred and first customer.

14) I usually go to my work by bus 10.

15) There are more than 250 houses in this street.

16) In 358 A. D. they conquered the island.

17) Eighteen is a wonderful age.

18) The book was published in the seventies/in the ’70s/in the 1970s.

19) They stayed (for) a quarter of an hour.

20) A tenth of the population is illiterate.

Exercise 5

1) third. (Ordinal numbers are usually spelled out.)

2) ten, twenty-two. (Numbers under 100 are spelled out.)

3) $2 million, first. (Large numbers are spelled out. Ordinal numbers are spelled out.)

4) nineteenth. (Ordinal numbers are spelled out.)

5) One thousand one hundred and thirty nine. (Numbers that begin a sentence are spelled out.)

6) four, 8. (Numbers under 100 are spelled out but parts of a book are referred to by figures.)

7) Correct. (It is usually clearer to use figures when writing a fraction.)

8) Two hundred and twenty-five people. (A number that starts a sentence should always be spelled out, even if is over 100.)

9) twelwe chairs. Numbers under 100 are usually spelled out.

10) three soldiers. (Numbers under 100 are usually spelled out.)

11) One/A hundred and thirty-five men. (A number that starts a sentence should always be spelled out, even if is over 100.)

12) A third. (It is better to write out ordinal numbers unless they are used in special texts.

13) No change is necessary.

Exercise 8

1) Fifty one books.

2) A (one) hundred people.

3) Three hundred and seventy-one/seventy-one applications.

4) Six hundred people.

5) A (one) million (1,000,000) red roses.

6) Hundreds of people come here annually.

7) Four hundred and twenty-seven thousand five hundred and twenty.

8) Two thousand shoppers/clients/purchases.

9) Twenty-one days.

10) Twenty-three thousand.

11) One thousand two hundred and fifty.

12) One thousand and first tourist.

13) England won 4:0 (four nil/ (to) nothing).

14) Fifty kilograms.

15) Three hundred cars.

16) Sixty-one grams.

17) Two million two hundred thousand and one tons.

18) Hundreds of cases.

19) Three thousand and one roubles.

20) Three of my friends.

Progress Test

1.

1) five hundred and three.

2) six thousand and fifteen, or sixty hundred and fifteen.

3) seven thousand one hundred and forty, or seventy-one hundred and forty.

4) one thousands nine hundred and ten, or nineteen hundred and ten.

5) two thousand one hundred and six, or twenty one hundred and six.

2.

1) nineteen hundred

2) nineteen eighty-four

3) sixteen o ([ou]) one

4) two thousand

5) two thousand and three

3.

1) first 2) third 3) fifth 4) ninth 5) twelfth 6) nineteenth 7) fortieth 8) one hundredth 9) one hundred and first 10) four hundredth

4.

1) There are two million books in the library.

2) Millions of people will watch the Olympic games in Greece.

3) ‘One/a million red roses’ is her favourite song.

4) I’ll go by bus 10.

5) Open the book at page 57.

6) A thousand and one nights.

7) John has a third and I have two thirds of the shares.

8) Chapter 7 is the most interesting.

9) Five thousand two hundred and forty-five votes were enough for him to win the elections.

10) The work is nine-tenths finished.

11) Two hundred and ten guests arrived from different parts of the country.

12) Dozens of apples were under the tree.

13) Eleven thousand people make up the population of this town.

14) He was only fifty-four but he looked very old.

15) I have already read more than 450 pages.

16) It happened in 309 B. C.

17) He earns over a million a year.

18) She is in her forties.

19) They stayed (for) a half hour/ half an hour.

20) Two thirds of the population voted for him.

Bibliography

1. Каушанская В.Л., Ковнер Р.Л., Кожевникова О.Н. и др. Грамматика английского языка (на англ. яз.). – Ленинград: Просвещение, 1973.

2. Каушанская В.Л., Ковнер Р.Л., Кожевникова О.Н. и др. Сборник упражнений по грамматике английского языка. – Ленинград: Просвещение, 1973.

3. Alexander, L.G. Longman English Grammar. – Longman, 1997.

4. Azar, Betty Schramper. Fundamentals of English Grammar. – New Jersey: Prentice Hall, Inc., 1985.

5. Carter, R., Hughes, R. and McCarthy, M. Exploring Grammar in Context. – Cambridge: CUP, 2000.

6. Carter, R., Hughes, R. and McCarthy, M. Grammar Reference and Practice. – Cambridge: CUP, 2000.

7. Carton-Sprenger, J., Greenhall, S. Flying Colours. – Heineman, 1992.

8. Collins Cobuild Student's Grammar. Practice Material by Dave Willis. Self-study edition with answer keys. – Birmingham: The University of Birmingham, 1993.

9. Collins Cobuild English Grammar. – Birmingham: Harper Collins Publishers, 1994.

10. Craig, Ruth Parle. 1001 Pitfalls in English Grammar. – New York: Barron’s Educational Series, Inc., 1986.

11. Evans, V. FCE use of English. – Express Publishing, 2000.

12. Huddleston, Rodney and Pullum, Geoffrey K. The Cambridge Grammar of the English Language. – Cambridge: CUP, 2002.

13. Leech, Geoffrey and Svartvik, Jan. A Communicative Grammar of English. – Moscow: Prosveshcheniye, 1983.

14. Murphy, Raymond. Essential Grammar In Use. A self-study reference and practice book for elementary students of English. – Cambridge: CUP, 1997.

15. Murphy, Raymond. English Grammar In Use. A self-study reference and practice book for intermediate students. – Cambridge: CUP, 1994.

16. Super Review of English Language. New Jersey: Research and Educational Association, 2000.

17. Swan, Michael. Practical English Usage. – Oxford: OUP, 1986.

18. Thomson, A.S., Martinet, A.V. A Practical English Grammar. – Oxford: OUP, 1986.

19. Thomson, A.S. and Martinet, A.V. A Practical English Grammar. Exercises. – Oxford: OUP, 1990.

20. Vince, M. Advanced Language Practice. – Heinemann, 1994.

21. Vince, M. Intermediate Language Practice. – Heinemann, 1998.

Dictionaries

1. Fowler, H.W. A Dictionary of Modern English Usage. – Greenwich House, 1983.

2. Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. – Longman Group Limited, 1978.

3. Longman Language Activation. – Longman Group UK Limited, 1995.

C O N T E N T S

Конфликты в семейной жизни. Как это изменить? Редкий брак и взаимоотношения существуют без конфликтов и напряженности. Через это проходят все...

Система охраняемых территорий в США Изучение особо охраняемых природных территорий(ООПТ) США представляет особый интерес по многим причинам...

Что будет с Землей, если ось ее сместится на 6666 км? Что будет с Землей? - задался я вопросом...

Что делает отдел по эксплуатации и сопровождению ИС? Отвечает за сохранность данных (расписания копирования, копирование и пр.)...

Не нашли то, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском гугл на сайте: