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READING PASSAGE Final PreparationsThe dialogue that you have just listened to would be similar to that of most ships. However, there are slight differences. On a container ship, important points for the Captain to check with the Chief-Mate would he to verify whether the lashing gang is finished, the containers have been secured and stowed on deck. On a ro/ro ship he would need to know whether all the cargo has been loaded in its rightful place and has been lashed down. He would also need to check that the ramp is up. On a general cargo ship he would need to verify whether all the loading has been completed, that the hatches have been secured and that all the long-shore gangs are off the vessel. The Captain should also check that hazardous or dangerous cargo has been correctly stored and labelled and that the appropriate documentation is available for the shore officials.
Hazardous cargo must obviously, be clearly indicated so that in the event of a fire, the most suitable fire fighting techniques and equipment would be used. Comprehension Questions 1. What important points must the Captain check with the chief-mate for a container ship? 2. What points must he check for a ro/ro ship and general cargo ship?
3. What factors must be observed for hazardous cargo?
INTRODUCTION Un-berthing
The operation of un-berthing, when the ship slips her moorings, should be preceded by a discussion amongst the ship's officers and the Pilot of the actual procedure for getting the ship away.
"Stand-by Fore and Aft" is announced after the ship's gangway is hauled aboard. The Pilot, with his special knowledge of local tides, currents and hazards, will conduct the operation, assisted by the Captain and his officers. Tugs are some-times made fast to the vessel, either on the quarter and/or the bow to assist in the handling of the ship.
When the ship has finally cleared the port and the Pilot has disembarked it is "Full Away on Passage" to the ship's next destination. SCENE 3
A short while later tugs are arriving alongside and the crew are standing by to remove the gangway. The Pilot arrives and the crew, using one of the ship's derricks, begin to remove the gangway. The Pilot is met by one of the officers and goes to meet the Captain on the Bridge. They quickly confer over the unmooring operation.
Pilot: The `Santa Rosa' will make fast on the starboard bow and the 'Santa Anna' will be on the starboard quarter. Single up to one spring and breastline each end.
Captain: Fine. Will we be using the ship's or the tugs' towing wires? Pilot: We'll use the ship's.
Captain: (To Officers) Right, we'll go straight to stations now. Single up to a breastline and spring each end. Ship's wires to the tugs.
Two of the officers leave to take up unmooring stations; one on the forecastle, the other on the poop.
On the Bridge, the assisting officer has telephoned the engine room to warn the engineers that the ship is about to let go. The engine room telegraph is rung to "Standby."
The Captain and the Pilot stand together watching the moorings being let go. They can communicate with the Forecastle and Poop by hand radio or telephone.
Captain: (On his hand radio) "Mara" Fo'csle and "Mara" Poop. How do you receive me?
Chief Officer: (Replying on the radio) " Mara " Bridge, this is "Mara" Fo'csle. Receiving you loud and clear.
Second Officer: (Replying on the radio) "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Poop. Receiving you loud and clear.
Captain: "Mara" Poop and "Mara" Fo'csle. Start singling-up.
Chief Officer: Starting to single-up, Sir.
Second Officer: Starting to single-up Sir. (Ten minutes later)
Chief Officer: " Mara " Bridge, this is "Mara" Fo'csle. (captain: Cone in, Fo'csle.
Chief Officer: Singled up forward, Sir; to one breastline and a spring. Tug `Santa Rosa' fast starboard bow. Ship's wire.
Captain: Roger, Fo'csle. Standby. (A few minutes later) Pilot: Let go forward.
Captain: "Mara" Fo'csle, this is "Mara" Bridge. Let go.
Chief Officer: "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Fo'csle. Let go. "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Fo'csle. All gone and clear forward. Captain: (to Pilot) All clear forward, Pilot.
Pilot: Thank you, Captain. Have the after breastline turned up on the winch and heave on it.
Captain: "Mara" Poop, this is "Mara" Bridge. Come in.
Second Officer: "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Poop.
Captain: Pablo, put the breastline on the winch and heave on it. Heave it easy.
Second Officer: Heave easy on the breastline, Sir.
The Captain and the Pilot stand together on the port Bridge wing, which over looks the jetty, watching the bow slowly swinging away from the berth.
Pilot: Let go aft.
Captain: "Mara" Poop, this is "Mara" Bridge. Let go aft.
Second Officer: "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Poop. Let go, Sir. (A minute later.)
Second Officer: "Mara" Bridge, this is "Mara" Poop. All gone and clear aft.
Captain: "Mara" Poop. All gone and clear aft, thank you. (To Pilot) All gone clear aft. Pilot.
Pilot: Thank you, Captain. Wheel amidships, slow ahead.
Captain: (To Officer in wheelhouse) Wheel amidships, slow ahead.
Third Officer: Wheel is amidships, Sir. Slow ahead.
The Third Officer rings the engine room telegraph to Slow Ahead. He watches the engine tachometer and when the engine starts he calls to the Captain.
Third Officcr: Engines moving ahead now, Sir.
Captain: Thank you.
Pilot: Starboard 20.
Captain: (To Helmsman) Starboard 20.
Helmsman: Starboard 20, Sir. 20 degrees of starboard wheel on, Sir.
Captain: Thank you.
With a sequence of helm and engine orders, given by this form of interchange between Pilot, Captain, Third Officer and Helmsman, the ship is manoeuvred away from the jetty. When the ship is well clear of the jetty, the tugs are let go and a launch approaches to disembark the Pilot.
Pilot: Well, Captain, I'll be going now.
Captain: Thank you, Pilot. (To the Third Officer) Take the Pilot down.
The ship, now clear of the jetty is moving at very low speed away from Punta Cardon. The Pilot climbs down a ladder into the launch, which immediately moves off at high speed.
The Captain instructs the Helmsman to bring the ship on to the first leg of the planned course, while the Third Officer, who has now returned to the Bridge is busy plotting the ship's position on the chart.
Meanwhile, on the Poop and Forecastle, all the mooring ropes and wires and the fire-fighting equipment -- hoses and dry-chemical extinguishers — are being stowed away and the watertight doors are being secured.
Some thirty minutes later, the Chief Officer arrives on the Bridge. By this time, the ship has built up to full speed and is heading northwards around the Paraguana Peninsula.
Captain: Hello, Jose. Well, is everything under control?
Chief Officer: All the moorings are stowed away. The Pilot ladder is secured, and the Fo'csle and forward facing doors have been battened down.
Captain: Good. Is the fire gear stowed away?
Chief Officer: Yes, Sir.
Captain: Have you double checked on the tank openings?
Chief Officer: Yes, Sir. All secure.
Captain: How about the Pumproom?
Chief Officer: I' ve checked it and it's been battened down.
Captain: Fine. Well, thank you, Jose. That's all for now.
The Chief Officer leaves the Bridge and the Captain goes to study the chart. With the ship now en-route to the U.S., he wishes to send a cable to his company's agents giving them details of his E.T.A. and arrival draughts.
Using a chit on which the steaming times at various speeds have been worked out, he prepares a message on a cable form and passes it through to the Radio Room for transmission.
The voyage has started. STANDARD MARINE NAVIGATIONAL VOCABULARY Are you under' way? I am underway. I am ready to get underway. I am not ready to get underway. You must get underway. I am making way through the water. I have/do not have steerage way. Vessel in position (make fast). Move ahead/astern ( feet/metres). Let go head/stern/spring/towing line.
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