Заняття 2.5 Вища освіта в Великобританії

1. Read and learn the following words:

2. Read and translate the text:

The system of higher education in Great Britain includes universities, colleges of education and advanced courses at various colleges of further education.

Good A-level results in at least two subjects are neces­sary to get a place at a university. However, good exam passes alone are not enough. Universities choose their students af­ter interviews. At the moment, approximately 30% of young adults go to university in Britain.

All British universities are private institutions. Students have to pay fees and livingcosts, but every student may obtain a personal grant from the Local Education Authority. If the parents do not earn much money, their children will receive a full grant which will cover all the expenses.

A university usually consists of colleges. For example Cambridge University consists of 32 independent colleges. The departments of the colleges are organized into faculties. In the university students have a series of lectures, seminars, laboratory classes and tutorials. Lectures are given to large groups of students while seminars and laboratory classes are much smaller than lectures. Tutorials are like private lessons, given to one student or a small group. Tuition fees (£1 000 a year) are paid extra.

Students at university are called undergraduates while they are studying for their first degree. Universities teach in all major subjects’ areas: arts, science, law, engineer­ing, medicine, and social sciences.

Most university courses last three years, language courses 4 years (including year spent abroad). Medicine and dentistry courses are longer (5-7 years). After completing a university course successfully graduates leave a university with Bachelor’s degree: Bachelor of Arts (for e.g. BA in History) or Bachelor of Science (for e.g. BS in Chemistry), Bachelor of Education, or Economics, Engineer­ing, Medicine, etc. Later they may continue to take a postgraduate degree: Master of Arts (MA), Master of Science (MS), Master of Philosophy (MPh). Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) is the highest degree. It is given for some original research work which is an important contribution to knowledge.

English universities greatly differ from each other in date of foundation, size, history, and tradition.

There are over 90 universities in Great Britain. They can be divided into 3 groups: the old universities (Oxford, Cambridge, and Scottish Universities), the “red brick” universities and the new universities.

The two intellectual eyes of Britain – Oxford and Cam­bridge Universities – date from the 12^th and 13^th centu­ries. They have dominated British education for 700 years. The Scottish Universities of St. Andrews, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Edinburgh date from the 15^th and 16^th centuries.

The universities which were founded between 1840 and 1930 (including London and Manchester Universities) are known as Red brick universities. They were called so, because that was the favourite building material of that time.

During the late 1960^th and early 1970^th some 20 new universities were set up. Sometimes they are called “plate glass” (or “concrete and glass”) universities. The term reflects their modern architectural design. These universities were built of plate glass in steel or concrete (бетон) frames (каркас). Among them are the Sussex, York universities and others. During these years the Government also set up 30 Polytechnics. Their aim was to teach both academic and vocational subjects. But under the Further and Higher Education Act 1992 they were given the status of universities. Today, the term "New Universities" is used i nstead of the former polytechnics.

Those students who decide to leave school at the age of 16 may go to further education colleges where they can fol­low a course in typing, engineering, town planning, cook­ing or hairdressing, full-time or part-time. Further educa­tion colleges have strong ties (зв’язки) with commerce and industry.

Some 80,000 overseas students study at British universi­ties or further education colleges or train in nursing, law, banking or in industry.

3. Answer the following questions:

1. What higher education institutions are there in GB?

2. What exams one must take to enter the university?

3. Are British universities state or private? Is it easy to become a student?

4. What do Br. students pay for?

5. Who helps Br. students to pay their expenses and how?

6. What do some universities consist of?

7. What is this a faculty?

8. What is the difference between lectures and tutorials?

9. Who are undergraduates and graduates?

10.Who can get the BA or BS and MA or MS?

11.What degree is the highest? What is it given for?

12.In what three groups are British universities divided?

13.What universities are the most famous and the oldest?

14.Why are Red brick universities called this way?

15.What is the difference between the old and “plate glass” universities?

16.What is the Open University?

17.Where can one get further education except universities?

4. Find equivalents:

5. Say whether these statements are true or false and if they are false say why:

1. The system of higher education in Great Britain includes comprehensive schools and further education colleges.

2. All British universities are state institutions.

3. Universities choose their students af­ter good exam passes and interviews.

4. Higher education in Great Britain is compulsory and free of charge.

5. Every student may obtain a personal grant from the government.

6. In the university students have a series of lessons.

7. Tutorials are like private lessons, given to large groups of students.

8. Students at university are called postgraduates while they are studying for their first degree.

9. After three years of study a university graduate will leave with the Master of Arts degree.

10. Doctor of Philosophy is the highest degree.

11. Oxford and Cam­bridge universities are the oldest and most famous.

12. Red brick universities were built of concrete and glass.

13. Today, the term "New Universities" is used instead of the former Polytechnics.

6. Match each term in Column A with its definition in Column B:

7. What do you call:

1 the money some students receive if they get a place at university?

2 the qualification you get at the end of university?

3 the name we give students during this period at university?

4 teachers at university?

5 students when they have completed their first degree?

6 students studying for a second degree?

7 the study of one subject in great depth and detail, often to get new information?

8 the talks that students go to while they are at university?

8. Translate into Ukrainian:

1. The ancient universities of Scotland award a Master of Arts degree to humanities or arts graduates, but a B.Sc. to science graduates. 2. In Britain and Ireland 19th-century universities and later usually distinguish between arts and sciences subjects through awarding either a B.A. or B.Sc. depending on field of study. 3. I have a friend who has a BA in history, and another who has a BS in chemistry. 4. Andy’s doing a one-year journalism course. 5 I'm doing some research on the languages of different African tribes. 6. I’m still doing research for my thesis (дисертація).

Заняття 2.6

Что будет с Землей, если ось ее сместится на 6666 км? Что будет с Землей? - задался я вопросом...

Что вызывает тренды на фондовых и товарных рынках Объяснение теории грузового поезда Первые 17 лет моих рыночных исследований сводились к попыткам вычис­лить, когда этот...

ЧТО ПРОИСХОДИТ, КОГДА МЫ ССОРИМСЯ Не понимая различий, существующих между мужчинами и женщинами, очень легко довести дело до ссоры...

Живите по правилу: МАЛО ЛИ ЧТО НА СВЕТЕ СУЩЕСТВУЕТ? Я неслучайно подчеркиваю, что место в голове ограничено, а информации вокруг много, и что ваше право...

Не нашли то, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском гугл на сайте: