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Ex.1. Complete the sentences using the correct passive (continuous) form of the verbs in brackets.1. I can do nothing when I know I (watch). 2. Close the door please, the matter just (discuss). 3. We watched how this information (collect). 4. President’s speech (translate) for the foreign guests. 5. When I came to my native town two years ago, this supermarket still (build). 6. When my father was a worker at this plant this work still (do) by hand. 7. My car (repair) now. 8. Don’t enter the room. My friend (interview) there. 9. The runways (lengthen) at all the main airports. 10. My proposal just (consider) when I came. 11. My office (redecorate) when I moved there. 12. I couldn’t give you our daily program, it still (work out).
Ex.2. Open the brackets, using the Passive Voice. 1. As I entered the office, I had the feeling that I (watch). 2. A lot of new experiments (make) in my husband’s laboratory now. 3. I am sure a lot of questions (ask) when I finish speaking. 4. This report (send) at once. 5. This money (spend) on market research next year. 6. Service (include) in the bill. 7. Don’t enter without invitation. A very important problem (discuss). 8. The program (work out) many years ago, but it still (use) with great success. 9. When the market (segment) last? 10. Market share often (use) as an indication for the success of a business. 11. The new method (show) to the young specialist today. 12. If we hurry with the work, it (spoil).
Ex.3. Translate into English. 1. Контракт саме тоді підписували, коли ми приїхали. 2. Листи зараз друкуються. 3. Про його новий експеримент сьогодні багато говорять, чи не так? 4. Зараз виконується мій улюблений концерт. Послухайте його, будь-ласка. 5. Він не виявив великого інтересу, коли це питання обговорювалось. 6. Він увійшов до залу в темряві і не одразу зрозумів, який фільм демонструвався. 7. Я здивований, що його слухають з такою зацікавленістю. 8. Вона відчувала, що на неї дивляться. 9. Сьогодні проводиться дослідження ринку для того, щоб зрозуміти що потрібно споживачу. 10. Коли я прийшов в супермаркет, там продавалися відеокасети з фільмами мого улюбленого режисера. 11. Новий проект нині розглядається Радою Директорів. 12. Саме зараз всі замовлення доставляються клієнтам нашим кур’єром.
Speech and Discussion
Ex.1. Imagine you are setting up your own business. What target market would you choose? Why?
Ex.2. Discuss with your groupmates the situation in the Ukrainian consumer markets.
Ex.3. Do you think that Ukraine can be called a market-oriented country? Prove your point of view.
Ex.4. Familiarize yourself with the following idioms. Consult your dictionary and translate the sentences into Ukrainian. Think of situations where you could use them. 1. We can ask any price we like for our product; we have a captive market. 2. Once a government has cornered the market, as for instance in gas or electricity, there is always a huge rise in price. 3. The fees you are charging are so high that you are in danger of pricing yourself out of the market. 4. The dishonest advertising agencies will spoil the market for the good ones. 5. We are not in the market for diamonds at present.
Ex.5. Comment on: “Necessity never made a good bargain” (B. Franklin)
Lesson 3 Text: Products, Goods and Services Grammar: The Passive Voice (Perfect). Progress Test II (Passive Voice)
Terms to remember:
Products, Goods and Services
The exchanging of products makes the business world. A product is something that is produced or manufactured and sold, often in large numbers. Products are sometimes referred to as goods for example in the expression fast-moving consumer goods, or FMCG. Products may be grouped into two general categories: consumer and industrial. Consumer products are classified as convenience, shopping, impulse or specialty goods. Convenience goods are mostly cheap products which people use regularly and buy frequently with little effort (food, tobacco products). Shopping goods are those products that the consumer buys only after comparing value, quality, and price from a variety of sellers. Impulse goods are bought on impulse, often at the checkout, and include products such as chewing gum, cholate bars, magazines, etc. Specialty goods have an outstanding position in the market; they are mostly represented by certain brands. Industrial goods are products used in the production of other products for resale purposes. These goods include materials, equipment, parts, and services. We usually call white goods such things as washing machines and refrigerators and brown goods such things as televisions and hi-fi equipment. Goods are also referred to as merchandise. Services are activities such as banking or tourism that contribute to the economy but which may not directly involve manufacturing. Services may be referred to informally as products. For firms to succeed in business, they must continue to develop and market products. New products are introduced or launched onto the market. Products have a life cycle. A product that a company no longer wants to make available is withdrawn from the market. A product generating a lot of profit is a money spinner or a cash cow. A loss leader is a product sold very cheaply in order to attract customers who will then, it is hoped, be persuaded to buy profitable ones. A dog is a product that is in a market that is stagnant, shrinking or weak. Its market share is small or going down.
Exercises in Word Study
Ex.1. Form nouns from the following adjectives: profitable, attractive, consumer, industrial, expressive, active, productive.
Ex.2. Give the English for: ходові споживчі товари, споживчі товари широкого вжитку; товари виробничого призначення; товари повсякденного попиту; товари попереднього вибору; товари особливого попиту; знаходити ринок збуту для товару; життєвий цикл товару; вилучати товар з ринку; впровадити продукт на ринку; високоприбутковий товар; досягти успіхів в бізнесі, товари импульсного попиту; неприбутковий товар, якого треба позбутися; застойний ринок.
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