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Translate these sentences from Russian into English.1) Вам следовало бы принять это предложение, вы сейчас в очень трудном положении. 2) Боюсь, что вам придется согласиться на наших условиях, у вас нет другого выхода. 3) Наверное, она перепутала адреса, поэтому она опоздала. 4) Если бы мы не вмешались, они, возможно, поссорились бы. 5) Ты, наверное, испугал ее своими угрозами. 6) Я сделаю тебя счастливой, ты будешь делать, что хочешь, тратить, сколько угодно. 7) Доктор велел ей лежать, но она и слышать об этом не хотела. 8) Право же, вы могли бы подумать и о других. 9) Прекрати шуметь! В комнате больной! 10) С какой стати я буду это делать! Я не одна в команде! 11) Вам следовало бы иметь хорошую память. 12) Он предложил, чтобы собрание перенесли на пять часов. 13) Ах, если бы я могла все предвидеть. 14) Приди он к нам еще раз, мы бы и видеть его не хотели. 15) Моя машина никак не заводится! 16) Неужели он отказался тебе помочь? Я о нем была другого мнения. 17) Должно быть, ты перепутала флакончики. Ты должна быть всегда внимательна. 18) Замок по-прежнему не работает, ты бы давно мог его починить. 19) Как мне быть? Как поступить? 20) Она будет меня слушать, теперь, когда у нее никого больше нет кроме меня. Progress Test
Unit 2 Supply the modal verbs can, could, to be able to, or managed to. 1) A good 1500-metre runner … run the race in under four minutes. 2) Bill is so unfit he … run at all! 3) Our baby is only nine months and he … stand up. 4) When I was younger, I … speak Italian much better than I … now. 5) …she speak German well?- No, she … speak German at all. 6) He … draw or paint at all when he was a boy, bat now he is a famous artist. 7) After weeks of training, I … swim a length of the baths underwater. 8) It took a long time, but in the end Tony … save enough to buy his car. 9) Did you buy any fresh fish in the market?- No, I … get any. 10) For days the rescuers looked for the lost climbers in the snow. On the forth day they saw them and … reach them without too much trouble. Rewrite these sentences using the modal verb can/could. 11) Do you see that man over there? 12) I smell something burning. 13) I understood what he said. 14) Did you understand what he said? 15) I don’t hear anything! Rewrite these sentences so that each sentence contains the modal verb can and the meaning remains the same. 16) I knew how to skate before I was five. 17) I hope one day we will meet again in more favourable circumstances. 18) It is still very cold here in March. 19) Some supermarket beef tends to be rather tough. 20) In the end we managed to communicate with sign language. 21) If you don’t feel you’ll make a contribution, just say so.
Fill in the gaps using the modal verbs can or to be able to. 22) They asked if they … go. 23) I … solve her problems for her. 24) I’d like to … write as well as that. 25) … you speak Spanish? 26) I might … help you.
Unit 3 Insert the modal verbs may or can into each gap. 27) The engines don’t seem to be working properly. There … be some ice in them. 28) Planes flying in cold countries in winter … have problems because of ice on the wings. 29) Both engines have failed. I’ll try to find a place to land. We haven’t much chance of surviving, but we … be lucky. 30) The engines were not working properly. The pilot said he thought there … be some ice on the wings. 31) He said there wasn’t much chance of surviving, but we … be lucky. 32) He told me that planes flying in cold countries in winter … have problems because of ice on the wings.
6. Make up remarks using the modal verb may in the right form which express a reproach. 33) to a friend who forgot to have the prescription made up on the way home. 34) to a friend who didn’t warn you about a change in the time-table. 35) to a friend who didn’t come to see you when you were ill. 36) to a friend who promised to buy you some oranges at the market. 37) to a person who is not polite to the aged. 38) to a person who interferes in your affairs.
Change the following responses using the modal verb may/might to express supposition implying uncertainty. 39) Have you found the registration form? 40) Why didn’t Jane come? She did promise to turn up, didn’t she? ~ Possibly she went to a dentist to have her bad tooth filled. 41) You do look thin and pale why? ~ Perhaps, I have been keeping to a strict diet of salads and very little meat too long. 42) Why did that patient ask the dentist to pull out his bad tooth? ~ Maybe his pain has been bothering him too long.
Unit 4 Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the modal verb must and the meaning remains the same. 43) I am sure he has got all he needed. Did you see how triumphant he was? 44) She hasn’t come. Probably, she is ill. 45) The boy was evidently reading something funny. He was smiling all the time. 46) Probably, the hotel rates are very high in summer. 47) Probably, Jim is taken ill with flue. 48) They have most likely not realised what opportunity they were losing.
Paraphrase the sentences to express supposition implying assurance with reference to the future. 49) He will certainly put up at a hotel. – He is certain to put up at a hotel. 50) I’m almost sure they will come and see me here. 51) Certainly you will see the ceremony with your own eyes. 52) I’m sure Penny will be x-rayed tomorrow. 53) ‘Of course, you’ll see Westminster Abbey and Westminster Palace with its largest clock in the country and the famous bell Big Ben.’ 54) He will certainly give you a piece of advice. 55) I’m not sure they will visit London next year. Complete these sentences with the modal verbs (must or may). 56) Park notice: All dogs … be kept on leads. 57) If you said that, he … be very offended. 58) Warning: No part of this book … be reproduced without the publisher’s permission. 59) … I see your passport, please? 60) Farmers … get up early. 61) … I play the guitar right now? Unit 5 11. Replace didn’t need to with needn’t +Perfect Infinitive where it is possible. 62) It is sweet of you, but you really didn’t need to buy me flowers. 63) It’s a good job we didn’t need to be here earlier. 64) It was strange that we didn’t need to show our passports. 65) You didn’t need to come and pick me up; I could have got a taxi. 66) There was a sofa in the other room; you didn’t need to sleep on the floor. 67) I didn’t need to use cash; I had my credit card with me after all.
Unit 7 Explain the difference in meaning between the two pairs. 68) a) The plane was not to take off at night as the weather was too bad. b) The plane was to have taken off at night, but the weather was too bad. 69) a) There was to be an interesting concert last night, but I didn’t feel well and had to stay at home. b) There was to have been an interesting concert last night, but the singer fell ill and the concert had to be postponed. Unit 8 Fill in the gaps using the modal verbs must, have to, to be to. 70) I … be late for work tomorrow, because I have a lot to do. 71) I … get up early tomorrow because it’s a holiday. 72) You … come to the station to meet me. I could have got a taxi. 73) I wondered what … to happen to us. 74) We agreed that the one who came first … to reserve seats. 75) You … take the medicine until your cough is cured. 76) It looks like raining. You … take your raincoat.
Unit 10 14. Complete the following sentences using the modal verb should. 77) ‘Why don’t you go for a holiday?’ ~ He suggested that … 78) ‘Stay in bed until I tell you to get up!’ ~ She ordered that … 79) ‘Don’t work too hard.’ ~ She advised that … 80) ‘I I don’t want to do it! It’s not my business.’ ~ Why … 81) ‘I have never heard from him!’ ~ How … 82) Tell her about that accident, please! ~ If you …
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