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Alfred Hitchcock's horror films§ Agatha Christie's detective stories and film versions of some of her stories.
Part В. Law and Economic Crimes in Europe
Section 1: Fraud Section 2: Money Laundering Trends in the European Union Section 3: Corruption and Remedies against it
Section 1: Fraud
This section outlines the recent crimes in the countries of the European Union, the successor of the European Economic Community. Text 1
Fraud against the Community and the present Union is not a question of petty pilfering but of large scale organised financial crime. The most frequent type of fraud is the one involving tobacco and cigarettes. It occurs in Germany, Belgium, Spain, France, Ireland and Italy. Fraud concerning agricultural products is carried out in most Union countries; specifically for beef (Belgium, Germany, France and the United Kingdom), cereals (Germany, Italy and Portugal), milk products (Germany, Spain, Italy and the United Kingdom), and olive oil (Spain, Italy and Portugal). Industrial goods are rarely used for fraud, with the exception of textiles. Customs offences receive the most frequent mention, with several reports dwelling on frauds affecting the Community or international transits (Belgium, Spain, France and Italy). The following case related to the European Community's Transit System gives the idea of the way in which fraud against the budget of the European Union (EU) is committed. It is a fact that organised criminals are increasingly avoiding payment of customs duty by fraudulently exploiting the European Community's Transit System. The procedure is the following: under the system the owner of goods is responsible for the payment of duty. However, the destination of some goods requires the freight forwarder to become responsible for the payment of customs duty instead of the owner. These goods are classified as Community Transit goods. All imported goods for consumption within the European Union are subject to customs duty. However, the EU does not require the payment of customs duty when the goods are classified as Community Transit goods. Since they ordinarily originate outside the EU but always pass through one or several member states. The system allows a consignor to transport goods without repeatedly having to pay and reclaim customs duty with every country. When goods are transported, the EU requires a guarantee to cover any potential customs duty loss in cases where goods are thought to have been consumed within a member state country not designated as the final destination. The freight forwarder provides the guarantee because he has legal possession of the goods and is responsible for duty and taxes. The freight forwarder is able to absolve himself of the guarantee after proving that the goods reached their destination. This is usually done when the EU customs official at port of entry is shown documentary proof that the goods have left an EU customs port of exit. The documentation that regulates the Community Transit, the ‘Tl Form’, is the official customs stamp on page five of the document. Its return to the port of entry relinquishes the freight forwarder from responsibility. If page five of the form does not arrive or is proved fraudulent, customs enforce the guarantee.
§ Vocabulary notes
§ Words and Grammar
a Underline the roots of the following words and translate them into Russian: pilfer –............................. pilferage................................................. fraudulent –............................. fraudulently.................................. successor–............................. successive......................................
b Choose the synonyms from the box:
to carry out............................. to allow........................................... to outline.................................. to provide...................................... to occur.................................... to enforce....................................... to exploit.................................. to grow...........................................
с Choose the antonyms from the box:
entry........................................ final.............................................. frequent................................. legal............................................... petty........................................ official.......................................... ordinary................................. past:...............................................
d Match the English and Russian equivalents:
e Explain the difference between the following words:   Что делает отдел по эксплуатации и сопровождению ИС? Отвечает за сохранность данных (расписания копирования, копирование и пр.)...  ЧТО ТАКОЕ УВЕРЕННОЕ ПОВЕДЕНИЕ В МЕЖЛИЧНОСТНЫХ ОТНОШЕНИЯХ? Исторически существует три основных модели различий, существующих между...  Конфликты в семейной жизни. Как это изменить? Редкий брак и взаимоотношения существуют без конфликтов и напряженности. Через это проходят все...  Что делать, если нет взаимности? А теперь спустимся с небес на землю. Приземлились? Продолжаем разговор... Не нашли то, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском гугл на сайте:
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