Rearrange the words to make sentences describing London and its parts.

Why do tourists from different countries go to London? What places of interest would you like to see in London?

I. Firstthoughts. Do you like traditions and festivals? Say some words about your favourite tradition.

Yeoman warder, Yeomen of the Guard, Gunpowder Plot, Beefeaters, Ceremony of the Keys; to be fond (of), festival, connect,to take place, to watch, sentry, guard.

English people are very fond of traditions and ancient ceremonies. Many British cities and towns have their own ceremonies and traditional festivals. Most of them are very colourful.

The colourful ceremony of Changing of the Guard before the Buckingham Palace is of great interest for a newcomer. The guardsmen are in their red coats and bearskin caps.

Many traditions are connected with the Houses of Parliament: the arrival of the Queen for the State Opening of Parliament, the Woolsack in the House of Lords upon which the Lord Chancellor sits as Speaker of the House. Before the Queen arrives for the State Qpening of Parliament the vaults of the Parliament are searched by Yeomen of the Guard in memory of the Gunpowder Plot.

Every night at 10 p. m. the Ceremony of the Keys takes place in the Tower. The Yeomen of the Guard known as "beefeaters" in Tudor dress uniform keep watch. The Chief Warder and an escort of four beefeaters come up to the gates. The sentry calls out: "Halt, who comes there?"

All towers are locked and the keys are finally carried by the Chief Warder to the Queen's House where they are secured for the night.

Find the English equivalents for the following words and word combinations in the text.

Любить традиции; древние церемонии; традиционные фестивали; красочная церемония; представлять большой интерес для; традиции связаны с; палата лордов; в память о; состояться; стоять на страже, все в порядке.

2. Do many British cities and towns have their own ceremonies and traditional festivals?

I. Firstthoughts. Where do you study? Say some words about your college. What British universities do you know?

Compulsory, primary, secondary, ability, modern, “A” level, General Certificate of Secondary Education, nursery school, infant school, junior school, core subject, comprehensive, boarding school, public school.

Education in Great Britain is compulsory and free for all children between the ages of 5 and 16. There are many children who attend a nursery school from the age of 3, but it is not compulsory.

Compulsory education begins at the age of 5 when children go to primary school. Primary education lasts for 6 years. It is divided into two periods: infant schools (pupils from 5 to 7 years old) and junior schools (pupils from 7 to 11 years old). In infant schools children mostly play and learn through playing. It is the time when they get acquainted with the classroom, the blackboard, desks and the teacher. But when pupils are 7, real studying begins. Now they have classes, when they sit at desks, read, write and answer the teacher's questions.

Compulsory secondary education begins when children are 11 or 12 and lasts for 5 years. Secondary school is traditionally divided into 5 forms: a form to each year. Children study English, Mathematics, Science, History, Art, Geography, Music, a Foreign language and have lessons of Physical training. Religious education is also provided. English, Mathematics and Science are called “core” subjects. At the age of 7,11 and 14 pupils take examinations in the core subjects.

1) comprehensive schools, which take pupils of all abilities without exams. In such schools pupils are often put into certain sets or groups, which are formed according to their abilities for technical or humanitarian subjects. Almost all senior pupils go there;

2) grammar schools, which give secondary education of a very high standard. Entrance is based on the test of ability, usually at 11. Grammar schools are single sexed schools;

3) modern schools, which don't prepare pupils for universities. Education in such schools gives good prospects for practical jobs.

After five years of secondary education pupils take the General Certificate of Secondary Education (GCSE) examination. When they are in the third or in the forth form, they begin to choose their exam subjects and prepare for them.

After finishing the fifth form pupils can make their choice: they may either leave school and go to a Further Education College or continue their education in the sixth form. Those who stay at school after GCSE, study for 2 more years for “A” (Advanced) Level Exams in two or three subjects which is necessary to get a place at one of British universities.

There are also about 500 private schools in Great Britain. Most of these schools are boarding ones, where children live as well as study. Education in such schools is very expensive, that's why only 5 per cent of schoolchildren attend them. Private schools are also called preparatory (for children up to 13 years old) and public schools (for pupils from 13 to 18 years old). Any pupil can enter the best university of the country after leaving this school.

After leaving secondary school young people can apply to a university, a polytechnic or a college of further education.Universities usually select students basing on their A-level results and an interview.

After three years of study a university graduate gets the Degree of a Bachelor of Arts, Science or Engineering. Many students then continue their studies for a Master's Degree and then a Doctor's Degree (PhD).

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