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Наречия времени в Present Perfect





Already уже never никогда
just только что yet ещё нет
ever когда либо lately в последнее время
    so far до сих пор, пока ещё

 

G Наречия already, just, ever, never употребляются после have I have just met Ann

Упражнение 1. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в Present Perfect и обратите внимание на его значение:

Образец: (I, meet) I’ve (I have) met Ann’s husband. I met him at a party last week.

1. (I, finish) … my work. I finished it two hours ago.

2. (They, know) Bob and Jane are old friends. … each other for a long time.

3. (it, be) I don’t like this weather. … cold and cloudy for a long time.

4. (you, learn) Your English is getting better. … a lot of English since you came here.

5. (we, be) My parents and I came here two months ago. … in this city for two months.

6. (he, finish) Peter can go to bed now. … his homework.

7. (she, be) Mary is at home in bed. … sick (ill) for three days.

8. (she, be) Kate is falling behind in her schoolwork. … absent from class a lot lately.

Упражнение 2. Раскройте скобки, поставьте глагол в Present Perfect или в Past Simple (если действие имело место в какой-то конкретный период в прошлом).

Образец: А.: Have you ever been in Europe?

B: Yes, I have. I (be) have been in Europe several times. In fact, I (be) was there last year.

1. A: Are you going to finish your work before you go to bed?

B: I (finish, already) … it. I (finish) my work two hours ago.

2. А.: Is Jim going to eat lunch with us today?

В.: No. He (eat, already) …. He (eat) … lunch an hour ago.

3. А.: Do you and Erica want to go to the movie with us tonight?

В.: …, thanks. We (see, already) … it. We (see) … it last week.

4. А.: … When are you going to write your paper on history?

В.:… I (write, already) … it. I (write) … it two days ago.

5. А.: When is Jane going to call her parents and tell them about her engagement?

В.: … She (call, already) … them. She (call) … them last night.

6. А.: This is a good book. Would you like to read it when I’m finished?

В.: Thanks, but I (read, already) … it. I (read) … it a couple of months ago.

Present Perfect vs Past Simple

Present Perfect vs Present Simple

Упражнение 3. Заполните пропуски, выбрав один правильный вариант из четырёх предложенных.

1. Mr. Brown is a doctor. He … in hospital for 20 years.

a) works c) working
b) worked d) has worked

2. We … Mary since we were at school.

a) knew c) have known
b) know d) were known

3. We … in the center of the city.

a) have lived c) living
b) live d) lives

4. My uncle … at the automobile factory seventeen years ago.

a) work c) is working
b) has worked d) worked

5. We … in class since nine o’clock this morning.

a) are c) have been
b) being d) was

6. I … Anne at the party last week.

a) met c) was meeting
b) have met d) meet

7. Jane is working on her composition but she … it yet.

a) didn’t finish c) won’t finish
b) doesn’t finish d) hasn’t finished

8. They … the company two years ago.

a) started c) starts
b) have started d) were started

9. My car … I won’t be able to drive to the countryside at the weekend.

a) breaks down c) has broken down
b) broke down d) was breaking down

10. So far we … to find any one who saw that man (не могли).

a) weren’t able c) will be able
b) haven’t been able d) aren’t able

11. I … back on Monday afternoon.

a) is arriving c) arrived
b) have arrived d) arrive

12. The taxi … a few minutes ago.

a) arrives c) has arrived
b) is arriving d) arrived

13. The taxi …. Hurry up!

a) arrived c) arriving
b) has arrived d). was arriving

14. I … on holidays for the last two years.

a) wasn’t c) haven’t
b) am not d) haven’t been

15. He and his wife, … for over 30 years.

a) were married c) are married
b) have been married d) is married

Present Perfect vs. Present Perfect

Continuous

Present Perfect
Rita has talkedto John on the phone many times. Действие происходило неоднократно в прошлом, и это имеет какое-то значение сейчас, в настоящем.
Present Perfect Continuous
Rita has been talkingto John on the phone for twenty minutes. Действие началось 20 минут назад и всё ещё продолжается, подчёркивается длительность действия.

 

С некоторыми глаголами (live, work, teach) длительность действия может быть выражена той или другой формой, при этом значение не меняется:
а) I have livedhere for two years. (более акцентируется факт)
b) I have been livinghere for two years. (акцентируется процесс)
S + have has + been + I ing

I have been studying English at this school since September.

Peter has been sleeping for two hours.

Present Perfect Continuous vs. Present

Continuous

Present Continuous
I am sittingin class right now – действие происходит непосредственно в данный момент
Present Perfect Continuous
I have been sittingin class since 9 o’clock / for 45 minutes.  

Упражнение 4. Раскройте скобки, употребив нужную форму в зависимости от обстоятельств.

1. Mark isn’t studying right now. He (watch) … TV. He (watch) …TV since 7 p.m.

2. Kate is standing at the corner. She (wait) … for the bus. She (wait) … for the bus for 20 minutes.

3. The post office isn’t far from here. I (walk) … there many times.

4. Right now we’re in class. We (do) … an exercise. We (do) … this exercise for an hour.

5. I’m tired. We (walk) … for more than an hour. Let’s stop and rest for a while.

6. I (read) … this chapter in my chemistry book three times, and I still don’t understand it!

7. А.: You look busy right now. What (you, do) …?

В.: I (work) … on my physics experiment. It’s a long and difficult experiment.

А.: How long (you, work) … on it?

В.: I started planning it last January. I (work) … on it since then.

8. My eyes are getting tired. I (read) … for two hours.

9. I (write) … my parents at least a dozen times since I left home and came here.

10. Debbie is writing a letter to her boyfriend. She (write) … it since she got home from class. It’s going to be a long letter!

Упражнение 5. Ответьте на следующие вопросы. Употребите since или for:

1. How long have you been studying English?

2. How long have you been living in Perm?

3. How long have you been studying at this school?

4. We are doing an exercise. How long have you been doing this exercise?

5. How long have you been sitting in class?

6. How long have you been wearing glasses?

7. I began to work at this school in… How long have I been working here?

Упражнение 6. В каждом фрагменте одно слово лишнее. Найдите его и выпишите.

Alice Hyde is 97. In 1911 she was became the very first Miss World. She was invited to Hollywood, but, instead, in 1912 she has married Charlie Hyde. They had five children. (1) (2) (3)
When Charlie retired, they moved to the Spain and lived there until Charlie died. Alice came back to England and bought a shop. She is said: "I’ve had a wonderful life. I’ve (4) (5) (6)
travelled. I’ve never been to Hollywood but I don’t have regret it. I’ve known true love. My Charlie was in the best husband in the world! I’m still healthy and active. I feel much younger than as 97. (7) (8) (9) (10)
I’ve just done my exercises and I’m will going to Spain for my summer holiday." (11) (12)

Total: 8

Урок IX

Revision. Повторение видо-временных форм активного залога

Задание. Раскройте скобки и поставьте глагол в правильной форме:

1. – (you, have) … any plans for vacation?

– Yes, I do. I (plan) … to go to the sea-side.

– (you, be, ever) … there before?

– Yes, I have. I (be) at the sea-side last year. My aunt (live) there, so I often (go) there.

2. – Where’s Jessika?

– She (study) … at the library.

– When (she, get) … back home?

– In an hour or so. Probably around five o’clock.

– How long (she, study) … at the library?

– Since two o’clock this afternoon.

– (she, study) … at the library every day?

– Not every day, but often.

3. – Shh. Irene (talk) … on the phone long-distance.

– Who (she, talk) … to?

– Her brother. They (talk) … for almost an hour. I think her brother is in some kind of trouble.

– That’s too bad. I hope it’s nothing serious.

4. – (you, know) … Mary’s new address?

– I don’t remember. But I (have) … it at home in my address book. When I (get) … home this evening, I (call) … and (give) … you her address.

– Thanks, I’d appreciate it.

–







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