ГЛАВА 3. Исследовательская часть

1. ASEAN – АСЕАН. Используется транслитерация.

2. WTO– ВТО. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

3. World Wildlife Fund (WWF) - Всемирный фонд дикой природы (WWF). Заимствование английского сокращения

4. GREENPEACE – ГРИНПИС. Используется транскрипция.

5. EU – ЕС. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

6. EEC – ЕЭС. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

7. ECSC – ЕОУС. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

9. Arab League – ЛАГ. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

10. ICRC – МККК. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

11. Interpol – Интерпол. Вариант транслитерации.

12. OIC – ОИС. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

13. UNO – ООН. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.
14. OSCE – ОБСЕ. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

15. NATO – НАТО. Используется транслитерация.

16. OPEC – ОПЕК. Используется транслитерация.

17. CE – СЕ. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

18. Commonwealth – Содружество. Используется русскоязычный эквивалент.

19. СНГ – CIS. Используется англоязычный вариант.

20. СССР – USSR. Используется англоязычный вариант.

21. ГОМСЕЛЬМАШ – GOMSELMASH. Используется транслитерация.

22. БЕЛКОММУНМАШ – BELKOMUNMASH. Используется транслитерация.

23. Парк Высоких Технологий (ПВТ) – Hi tech Park (HTP). Используется англоязычный эквивалент.

В ходе выполнения данной курсовой работы были успешно реализованы поставленные цели и задачи. В частности, в теоретической части:

Аббревиатура – сокращение, которое произносится по буквам, например: СП (совместное предприятие) – Joint Venture.

1. Инициальная аббревиатура, которая в свою очередь подразделяется на 3 подвида: буквенную, звуковую, буквенно-звуковую.

Выделяют следующие способы перевода аббревиатур:

· Передача английского сокращения эквивалентным русским сокращением

· Передача английского сокращения методом транслитерации

· Передача английского сокращения методом транскрипции.

· Описательный перевод английского сокращения

В практической и исследовательской части работы были применены полученные знания на примере перевода текстов из СМИ.

1. Бархударов Л.С.Язык и перевод: Вопросы общей и частной теории перевода. – 2-е изд. – М.: Издательство ЛКИ, 2008. – 240 с.

2. Волкова, Н.О.; Гераскина, Н.П.; Журавченко, К.В. Англо-русский дипломатический словарь. – М.: Русский язык, 1989. – 856 с.

3. Гарбовский Н.К. Теория перевода./Н.К. Гарбовский. – М.: Изд-во Московского университета, 2004. – 544 с.

4. Слепович В.С. Настольная книга переводчика. - Мн.: ТетраСистемс,
2006. - 304 с. 2-е издание.

5. Комиссаров В.Н. Современное переводоведение. Учебное пособие. - M.: ЭТС. - 2002.- 424 с.

6. Караичева Т.В.Некоторые закономерности перевода английских структур с производным именем деятеля на русский язык. Тетради переводчика. – Вып. 15., – М.: Международные отношения, 1978. – 112 с.

7. Маслов Ю.С. Введение в языкознание: учебник для студентов филологических и лингвистических факультетов высших учебных заведений. М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2007.

8. Алексеева И.С. Введение в переводоведение. Учеб. пособие для студ. филол. и лингв фак. высш. учеб. заведений. - СПб.: Филологический факультет СПбГУ; М.: Издательский центр «Академия», 2004. - 352 с.

9. Дмитриева Л.Ф. Английский для студентов. Курс перевода. 2005. - 304 с.

10. Оксфордский словарь выбрал слово 2014 года [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://n1.by/news/2014/11/18/609005.html.– Дата доступа: 26.04.15.

1. Мультитран [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://www.multitran.ru. – Дата доступа: 19.03.15.

2. Мюллер, В. К. Англо-русский и русско-английский словарь: 40000 сл., 50000 сл. / В. К. Мюллер, С. К. Боянус. – М.: АСТ: Астрель, 2002.

3. Новый большой англо-русский словарь: В 3т./Ю.Д. Апресян, Э.М. Медникова, А.В. Петрова и др.; Под общ. рук. Ю.Д. Апресяна. – 3-е изд., стереотип. – М.: Рус. яз., 1999. – 832с.

4. Пивовар, А.Г. Большой финансово-экономический словарь/Под ред. В.И. Осипова./ А.Г. Пивовар. – М. Экзамен, 2000 – 1064с.

5. Словарь лингвистических терминов Т.В. Жеребило// Словари и энциклопедии на Академике [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://dic.academic.ru/. – Дата доступа: 02.03.15.

7. Oxford dictionaries [Электронный ресурс]. – Режим доступа: http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/.– Дата доступа: 15.03.15.

8. The Oxford English-Russian dictionary. Second Edition. – Oxford, New York:Oxford University Press, 1994.

9. The Oxford Russian Dictionary: russian-english, english-russian / M. Wheeler, B. Unbegaun, P. Falla. - 3-rd ed. - Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2000.

6. lineups of grain and forage harvesters - модельные ряды зерноуборочных и кормоуборочных комбайнов

10. Minsk Tram and Trolleybus Repair Plant – Минский Ремонтный трамвайно-троллейбусный завод.

Оригинал текста для перевода в практической части

International organizations are the unions that are created on the basis of the agreement of an international character. The aim of the association is to promote the solution of those problems, which are stipulated in the agreement. International organizations can be inter-state - acting at the level of national governments, and non-governmental. Also the international organizations of universal and regional character are distinguished too. There are also classification by kind of activity, type of the powers, the range of participants, international clubs and so on.

Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). This is a political, economic and cultural regional intergovernmental organization of countries located in Southeast Asia. ASEAN was established on the 8^th of August, 1967 in Bangkok, with the signing of the "Declaration of ASEAN", better known as the "Bangkok Declaration". Contract registration of ASEAN was only in 1976, signed in Bali Treaty of Amity and Cooperation in Southeast Asia and the Declaration of the ASEAN agreement.

World Trade Organization (WTO). Is an organization of global importance. It was founded in 1995. The aim is the regulation of rules of international trade. In 2008, the WTO had 153 member countries. Headquartered in Geneva (Switzerland). WTO was established on the basis of GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade). According to the statute, the WTO can only regulate trade and economic issues.

World Wildlife Fund. A public international organization. It was founded in 1961. It works in all areas which refer to conservation, research and restoration of the environment. Headquartered in Gland (Switzerland).

Greenpeace. The organization was founded in 1971. It is an independent public organization. The purpose - the preservation of the environment, the solution of global environmental problems. The organization is supported by donations of supporters. Headquartered in Vancouver (Canada).

The European Union (EU) It consists of 28 member states. The organization of European states, was established in 1993 on the basis of three organizations - the EEC (European Economic Community - now the European Community), the ECSC (European Coal and Steel Community - ceased to exist in 2002), Euratom (European Atomic Energy Community). It is a unique organization, that is a borderland between an international organization and a State. It has a common market, common currency system, and so on. D. Scope of activity concerns many areas - economics, politics, currency, labor market, and so on.

The League of Arab states - Organization was founded in 1945. The aim - unification of Arabic and friendly countries for their cooperation in various fields, including the field of defense. The headquarters is located in Cairo (Egypt). It consists of more than 20 states, including the state of Palestine, which has not been recognized by all the members of the world community.

The International Red Cross and Red Crescent Movement - Non-governmental organization. It is a humanitarian movement, uniting more than 100 million members and volunteers worldwide. The main aim of the movement - literally, "to help all those who suffer without any adverse distinction, thus contributing to the establishment of peace on Earth." It consists of the International Committee of the Red Cross (headquartered in Geneva), the International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies and National Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies. The organization was founded on the basis of the Red Cross society, known since 1863, and later renamed the International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC).

International Criminal Police Organization (Interpol). The current statute was adopted in 1956. Interpol was created on the basis of an international center for registration of criminals (1923). The organization's activity is the struggle against common crime (search for missing values, criminals, missing persons and so on.), it doesn't concern other spheres (politics, economy, defense, etc.). According to the number of member countries, Interpol is on a second place after the United Nations. Headquartered in Lyon (France).

The Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) – is an International Islamic Organization, founded in 1969. The aim - cooperation among Muslim States in various areas, the joint participation at the international arena, to achieve sustainable development of the participating countries. Headquartered in Jeddah (Saudi Arabia). At the beginning of 2009, it was composed of 57 states.

The United Nations (UN) - is an Intergovernmental organization created in 1945, by the members of the anti-Hitler coalition. The purpose of the organization - the maintenance of peace between nations, consolidation of peace, development and security of international relations, the development of international cooperation in various fields. The structure of the United Nations includes six main organs (General Assembly, Security Council, Economic and Social Council, the Secretariat, the International Court of Justice and the Trusteeship Council). There are many different UN agencies and various organizations operating under the aegis of the United Nations in various fields of international activity. The headquarters of most of the major UN agencies is located in New York (USA), but there are also branches in different parts of the world. In 2007, the UN numbered 192 Member States. It is the largest international organization.

The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) - Exists since 1975. It is the largest regional organization in the world that deals with security issues. The purpose - to prevent and resolve conflicts in the region, to eliminate the consequences of conflict. In 2008, the OSCE included 56 states, which are not situated only in Europe but also in Central Asia and North America.

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) - It is an international alliance of military-political orientation. It was created in 1949 on the initiative of the United States. The main goal - the safety and freedom of all member countries in accordance with the principles of the United Nations, both in North America and Europe. To achieve its objectives, NATO used military capabilities and political influence. Headquartered in Brussels (Belgium). In 2009, NATO consisted of 28 states.

The Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). Organization of the intergovernmental level, established in 1960 on the initiative of Venezuela. The purpose - control of the world oil policy, the stabilization of oil prices. OPEC sets limits on the volume of oil production. Headquartered in Vienna (Austria). In 2009, there were 12 member countries.

The Council of Europe (CoE). European regional organization of political orientation. Established in 1949. The aim - cooperation between European countries. At the beginning of 2009 was composed of 48 countries. Headquartered in Strasbourg (France, on the border with Germany).

Commonwealth of Nations (British Commonwealth). Officially established in 1931. Consisting of the United Kingdom and nearly all of its former colonies and dominions. Headquartered in London. The purpose - voluntary cooperation in many areas, the main of which is economic.

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). The organization was founded in 1991 by former USSR republics. The main goals are cooperation in the political, economic, environmental, humanitarian, cultural and other areas, including the creation of a common economic space. A permanent body of the CIS - CIS Executive Committee is in Minsk (Belarus). CIS Interparliamentary Assembly is located in St. Petersburg (Russia).

Holding "Gomselmash" is one of the largest manufacturers of agricultural machinery ranking among the world market leaders of combine harvesters and other complexes of agricultural machines.

Today "Gomselmash" is a modern multi-manufacturer producing under the brand name "PALESSE" lineups of grain and forage harvesters, ear corn and potato-picking harvesters, mowers and other agricultural machinery.

OJSC "Holding Management Company "Belkommunmash" was implemented into operation as Minsk Tram and Trolleybus Repair Plant (MRTTZ) on the 1st of July 1973.

OJSC Holding Management Company "BELKOMMUNMASH" is the State Enterprise, established by Minsk Municipal Executive Committee. The stock was formed owing to its own resources, without participation of the State, foreign and other participants.

Industrial base and reliable personnel have allowed the Enterprise simultaneously start major repairs and solving the new issue – development of the production of new trolleybuses. At the present time, the OJSC "Holding Management Company "BELKOMMUNMASH" is the leading Production Enterprise of The Republic of Belarus in the sphere of the manufacturing and total repairs of the urban electric transport.

In the past few years, the ICT - sector of Belarus has received strong government support and has become one of the priority areas of the economy. In 2005, President of Belarus Alexander Lukashenko signed Decree №12 "On High Technologies Park", which was created in order to create favorable conditions for the development of the software, information and communication technologies in Belarus, aimed at improving the competitiveness of the national economy.

Unlike most European and Asian Parks, HTP of Belarus is a Virtual Park. This means that the legal regime of HTP acts on the whole territory of Belarus. You can register as a resident, and use all the advantages of the HTP, no matter where the office of your Belarusian company is located: from the regional center to a small village. This allows you to use the educational, research, professional and infrastructural potential of the whole country fully.

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