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КАТЕГОРИИ

Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Present Simple Tense

(настоящем неопределенном времени)

Утверждение	Отрицание	Вопрос	Короткий ответ положит.	Короткий ответ отрицат.
Я Он Она Оно Мы Ты/вы Они	I am He is She is It is We are You are They are	I am not (I’m not) He is not (isn't) She is not (isn't) It is not (isn't) We are not (aren't) You are not (aren't) They are not (aren't)	Am I? Is he? Is she? Is it? Are we? Are you? Are they?	Yes, I am Yes, he is Yes, she is Yes, it is Yes, we are Yes, you are Yes, they are	No, I’m not No, he isn't No, she isn't No, it isn't No, we aren't No, you aren't No, they aren't

Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Past Simple Tense

(прошедшем неопределенном времени)

Утверждение	Отрицание	Вопрос	Короткий ответ положит.	Короткий ответ отрицат.
Я Он Она Оно Мы Ты/вы Они	I was He was She was It was We were You were They were	I was not (wasn’t) He was not (wasn’t) She was not (wasn’t) It was not (wasn’t) We were not (weren’t) You were not (weren’t) They were not (weren’t)	Was I? Was he? Was she? Was it? Were we? Were you? Were they?	Yes, I was Yes, he was Yes, she was Yes, it was Yes, we were Yes, you were Yes, they were	No, I was not No, he wasn't No, she wasn't No, it wasn't No, we weren't No, you weren't No, they weren't

Спряжение глагола to be (быть) в Future Simple Tense

Утверждение	Отрицание	Вопрос	Короткий ответположит.	Короткий ответ отрицат.
Я Он Она Оно Мы Ты/вы Они	I will be He will be She will be It will be We will be You will be They will be	I will not (won’t) be He will not (won’t) be She will not (won’t) be It will not (won’t) be We will not (won’t) be You will not (won’t) be They will not (won’t) be	Will I be? Will he be? Will she be? Will it be? Will we be? Will you be? Will they be?	Yes, I will Yes, he will Yes, she will Yes, it will Yes, we will Yes, you will Yes, they will	No, I won't be No, he won't be No, she won't be No, it won't be No, we won't be No, you won't be No, they won't be

Фразы с глаголом be

to be glad (pleased) – быть довольным

to be happy –быть счастливым

to be hungry –быть голодным

to be thirsty –хотеть пить

to be ill–болеть

to be healthy (well) – быть здоровым

to be ready for…… – быть готовым к чему-то

to be late for ….. - опаздывать

to be sorry (for)- сожалеть

to be sure of –быть уверенным

to be busy (with ……) –быть занятым (чем-то)

to be away – отсутствовать

to be at home – бытьдома

to be interested in – интересоваться

to be cold – замерзнуть

to be tired –бытьусталым

to be right (wrong) – бытьправым (неправым)

to be sad -- быть печальным

to be happy (about) => быть счастливым / радоваться

to be proud (of) =>гордиться

to be good (at) =>быть умелым to be responsible for - быть ответственным за что-л

to be in a hurry – спешить

№1.Проанализируйте формы глагола to be, приведенные в таблице, б) Отнесите события, о которых идет речь ниже, сначала к будущему, затем к прошлому, используя Past и Future Indefinite глагола to be и соответствующие обстоятельства времени: yesterday, tomorrow, next week, last month, next year, at 5 o'clock и т.д.

1. Victor is free in the evening. 2. John is in America. 3. I am very busy. 4. She is at the lecture. 5. The child is 10 years old. 6. This work is interesting.

7. The expedition is in Africa. 8. The new film is long. 9. My mother is at home. 10. The workers are at the factory. 11. The children are at school. 12. The students are at the Institute.

№2.Дайте краткие ответы на вопросы, следуя образцу.

ОБРАЗЕЦ: Is Kovalev present at the lesson? Yes, he is. No, he is not.

1. Is Tverskaya Street long?

2. Was it cold last winter?

3. Are your friend's sisters beautiful?

4. Is it hot today?

5. Is it Sunday today?

6. Is the clock on the wall?

7. Are you twenty years old?

8. Will you be at home in the evening?

9. Are the trees green now?

№3.Вставьтеглагол to be в Present Simple.

1. I... a pupil.

2. My father... not an architect, he... a civil engineer.

3.... your aunt a doctor? - Yes, she....

4.... they at home? - - No, they... not at home, they... at work.

5. My brother... anelectrician. He... at work.

6.... you an engineer? - Yes, I....

7.... your sister a secretary? No, she... not a secretary, she... a student.

8.... your brother at university? - - Yes, he....

9.... your sister at school? - No, she... not at school.

10. My sister... at home.

11.... this your watch? • Yes, it....

12. She... an actress.

13. This... my bag.

14. My uncle... an office-worker.

15. He... at work.

16. Helen... a painter. She has some fine pictures. They... on the walls. She has much paper. It... on the shelf. The shelf... brown. It... on the wall. Helen has a brother. He... a student. He has a family. His family... not in St. Petersburg, it... in Moscow.

№4.Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present Simple.

1. Я cтудент. Я в академии. 2. Мой брат врач. Он не инженер. 3. Моя сестра наработе. Она врач. 4. Он студент. 5. Вы студент? — Нет, я врач, 6. Моя сестра дома. 7. Мы не в академии. Мы дома. 8. Мой брат инженер-строитель. Он в школе. 9. Ваша мама дома? - Нет, она на работе. 10. Ваш двоюродный брат дома? - Нет, он на работе. Он архитектор.

№5.Вставьте глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1, My father... a teacher. 2. He... a pupil twenty years ago. 3. I... a doctor when I grow up. 4. My sister... not... at home tomorrow. 5. She... at school tomorrow. 6.... you... at home tomorrow? 7.... your father at work yesterday? 8. My sister... ill last week. 9. She... not ill now. 10. Yesterday we... at the theatre. 11. Where... your mother now? — She... in the kitchen.

№6.Переведите на английский язык, употребляя глагол to be в Present, Past или Future Simple.

1. Мой брат сейчас в университете. 2. Мой брат был вчера в кино. 3. Мой брат будет завтра дома. 4. Ты будешь дома завтра? 5. Она была вчера в парке? 6 Он сейчас офисе? 7. Где папа? 8. Где выбыли вчера? 9. Где он будет завтра? 10. Мои книги были на столе.

ГЛАГОЛЫ HAVE, HAVE GOT

Have – иметь, обладать, используется во всех случаях и временах:

	Affirmative	Negative	Interrogative
I	have	don’t have	DoIhave …?
you	have	don’t have	Do youhave …?
he/she/it	has	doesn’t have	Doeshe/she/ithave …?
we	have	don’t have	Do wehave …?
you	have	don’t have	Do youhave …?
they	have	don’t have	Do theyhave …?

«Have got» употребляется только в настоящем времени, преимущественно в разговорной устной и письменной речи (Present Simple) и когда мы говорим про:

1. собственность (то, чем владеем):

I have got a car. – У меня есть машина.

She has got a violin. –У неё есть скрипка.

Внешность, болезни, боли

We have got fair hair and blue eyes. – У нас светлые волосы и голубые глаза.

I have got a headache – у меня болит голова.

Семью

I have got a mother, a father and a brother. –У меня есть мама, папа, брат.

УТВЕРДИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ПРЕДЛОЖЕНИЯ

	affirmative		negative
Long form	Short form	Long form	Short form
I	have got	I've got	I	have not got	haven’t got
she	has got	she's got	she	has not got	hasn't got
he	has got	he's got	he	has not got	hasn't got
it	has got	it's got	it	has not got	hasn't got
we	have got	we've got	we	have not got	haven’t got
you	have got	you've got	you	have not got	haven’t got
they	have got	they've got	they	have not got	haven’t got
	General question (общий вопрос)
	Have	I you we they	got any job?
Has	he she it	got any job?
	Specialquestion (специальный вопрос)
	What	have	you	got	in your bag?
	Why	has	she	got	a sore throat?
	Who	has	got	any	questions?

I've got some questions to you.

Jack's got many friends.

They've got some good ideas.

I haven't got a TV set in my bedroom.

We haven't got much time.

Оборот there + be

Предложения с оборотом there + be (в соответствующей форме) указывают на наличие / существование или отсутствие (при отрицании) какого-либо (неопределенного) лица или предмета в определенном месте.

Перевод таких предложений начинается с конца, с обстоятельства места или времени, выводя в конец предложения акцентируемый элемент фразы.

Такие предложения строятся по схеме:

There	be	подлежащее	обстоятельство места
There	is was will be	a book some information подлежащее в ед.числе (в т.ч. неисчисляемые)	on my table in my computer
There	are were will be	books some information подлежащее во множ.числе	on my table in my computer
There is a chair at the table - У стола стоит стул. There weremany nice days last month- В прошлом месяце было много хороших дней. Look, there is a letter on your desk - Смотри, на твоем столе письмо.
Вопросительная форма
Is Was Will	there there there be	a book any information подлежащее в ед.числе (в т.ч. неисчисляемые)	on my table in my computer	Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.
Are Were Will	there there there be	books scissors подлежащее во множ.числе	on my table	Yes, there are. No, there aren’t.
Is there a telephone in your room? - Есть ли телефон в вашей комнате? Are there any letters for me? - Для меня есть письма? Will there be a meeting at the institute tomorrow?- Завтра в институте будет собрание? Is there milk or juice in the jug?- В кувшине молоко или сок? What is there on the table? – Что находится на столе? What kind of pen is there on the table? – Какая ручка находится на столе?
Отрицательная форма
There isn’t a telephone in this room. There aren’t any books in the desk. There wasn’t any water in the bottle There won’t bea meeting to-night	no + подлежащее (без артикля и any) There is no ink in my pen. There was no car in the garage There are no chairs in the room.

Проанализируйте формы оборота there is/ are, затем прочтите и переведите текст.

My name is Natasha. I am Russian. Now I study English in London. There are six students in my class. I have friends among them. My friend Nicole is French. She is 20 years old. She is from France. She has a big family in Paris. George is Greek. He is from Greece. He is 18 years old. His parents are rich. They have a bank. George thinks he will be a banker too. I like my new life. I visited many places. I was in Oxford and Cambridge. My friends and I were in Scotland. We had a very good time.

Отнесите факты, о которых идет речь, сначала к будущему, затем к прошлому, используя соответствующие формы глагола tobe.

1.

There are twelve students in our group.

2. There is a beautiful garden near the house.

3. There is a big blackboard in the classroom.

4. There is a letter for him on the table.

5. There are two lifts in the house.

6. There are 300 pages in the book.

7. There is a new stadium in the town.

8. There is a table in the middle of the room.

9. There is a hospital in the village.

10. Are there many sentences in this exercise?

11. Is there much work to do at home?

12. There are no pictures in the book.

13. There is no theatre in the town.

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