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Exercise 3. Supply the correct prepositions or adverbs where necessary.1. Which platform does the train start…? 2. Which platform is the train to arrive…? 3. The train is due to arrive… Manchester …4.20. 4. The train is due to arrive … 20 minutes. 5. This train stops … every small station. 6. You can go … London … an overnight train. 7. There is no sleeping accomodation …this train. 8. Don’t get … the train, it stops … this station … three minutes. Exercise 4. Chose and use many, much. 1. There is … furniture in my sitting-room but there are not … things in my bedroom. 2. We sell … equipment to different countries of the world. … foreign companies are interested in buying our machines. 3. We have received … information on the model AB pump from the Salles lately. 4. There are always … dishes on the menu at the Dnipro restaurant.
Exercise 5. Supply the articles where necessary. … process of … studies is based on … independent work. Each
student is provide with … curriculums and training methodical plans, schedules of … independent work and … qualification characteristics where … designation of specialist is defined in … detail. … methods of remote training adopted at our university, following … example of our colleges, substantially differ from … traditional methods of … education. … given methods are also convenient because one should not come to … Academy by all means to attend … training meetings and sessions.
MARKETING (РИНОК ЗБУТУ) Marketing includes all the business activities connected with the movement of goods and services from producers to consumers. Sometimes it is called distribution. On the one hand, marketing is made up of such activities as transporting, storing and selling goods and, on the other hand, a series of decisions you make during the process of moving goods from producer to user. (Marketing operations include product planning, buying, storage, pricing, promotion, selling, credit, traffic and marketing research. The ability to recognize early trends is very important Producers must know why, where, for what purpose the consumers buy. Market research helps the producer to predict what the people will want. And through advertising he attempts to influence the customer t buy. Marketing operations are very expensive. They take up more than half of the customer's dollar. The trend in the USA has been to high mass consumption. The construction of good shopping centres has made goods available to consumers. It provided a wide range of merchandize and plenty of parking facilities.
ACTIVE VOCABLARY marketing – продаж, збут, маркетинг producer – виробник consumer – споживач distribution – збут, розподіл transporting – транспортування storing – зберігання user– споживач product planning – розробка нових продуктів storage – зберігання pricing – калькуляція цін promotion – співпраця в продажі товару traffic – торгівля marketing research – вивчення ринку збуту trend – тенденція to predict – передбачати to influence – впливати COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS 1. What does marketing mean? 2. What activities does marketing consist of??. What do marketing operations include? 4. Why is it so important for the producer to predict the trends? 5. How was mass consumption possible in the USA? VOCABULARY PRACTICE Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word and put it in the sentence (predict, influence, promote, marketing, trends, distribution, market research, product planning, consumer). 1. One of the aims of market research is to indicate new... among people. 2. Advertising must … the consumer and make him buy the goods produced. 3. Often marketing is called …. 4. In order to sell a new product, a producer has to consider how to … it. 5. The goods, of this company are not sold very well, they must think about 6. Sometimes it is difficult to... through advertising. 7. If you want to produce something new, you should start with …. 8. A producer wants to... the new trends and then tries to influence them. 9.... includes product development and pricing among other things. DIALOGUE (Sally and Don work in the Marketing Department of a company, that makes different meal products.) Don Hey, Sally, look at these figures. The price of sugar is going up 10% during the next year. Sally Oh, that's bad. That means trouble for our jam line. Don I think so too. Sugar is the main ingredient, you know. What's your opinion? Sally Well, we are not the pries leaders in the field and jam is a very price sensitive item. According to our marketing research information consumers aren't particularly brand loyal about jam. Don I have a brilliant idea. You know, this could be a great marketing opportunity for us. Sally What do you mean? Don Well, because of the price rise on sugar we know that price of jam will go up too. The increase will pass on the consumer, won't it? Sally Right. Don Imagine, we find the possibility of changing the ingredients in the jam so that we wouldn't have to raise the price. Sally Then we wouldn't trouble about the price rise on sugar because we'll be able to sell jam at the same price. The idea is that we could market less expensive jam. What a pro-motional campaign we could have! Don Sure. If we do it right we'll sell more and become the leader in the market. Sally Now the first thing is to talk to Research and Development. Don Right and we'll see when they'll have some samples of new formulars ready. Sally What about marketing research? I think we should schedule some tests for responses to the R & D samples. Don Well, there is a lot to do. I think we should also change packaging. Now, Sally, that would be great. Sally Oh, Don, let's hope for the best. If we don't lose the chance, the competitors products will stay on the super-market shelves. Don Oh, it's time for lunch. Let's discuss our business in cafeteria. Sally Oh, sure, we've got a lot to discuss — distribution, advertising…
ACTIVE VOCABLARY to go up – рости (про ціну) price leader – виробник встановлює ціну на вибірковий товар to raise the price – товар рівень продажу якого дуже залежить від ціни to market – продавати promotional campaign – рекламна компанія to schedule – розроблювати план packaging – упаковка competitor – конкурент
VUCABULARY PRACTICE Exercise 1. Choose the necessary word en? put it in the sentence (go up, schedule, packaging, competitor, price leader, price sensitive item). 1. If the price on this product …nobody will buy it. 2. They should …some tests and pass results to R.D. 3. This company is the … in this field, they can sell this product at the lowest price. 4. Customers do care … about the price on this product, it is very …. 5. …Influences the desire of a customer to buy. 6. Our … has become the price leader in selling computer programmes. Exercise 2. Answer the questions. 1. Who is the price leader in your business? 2. How can you become a price leader? What should you do for this? 3. How should one start a promotional campaign? 4 Why is it dangerous to produce price sensitive goods?
5. Why is it important to have competitors in business? 6. What should you do to leave your competitors behind? 7. What knowledge must you have to be good at marketing?
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