Task 3. Crime is a problem in most countries, especially in large cities. Here are some crimes, criminals and acts committed by them. Fill in the missing part. Use a dictionary, if necessary.

There are a lot of … in the public transports during the rush hour, so look after your belongings.

He … a banknote of 10000 tenge and was sentenced to two years’ imprisonment.

The assistant knew a lot about her boss and … him by threatening to tell the press.

While most people consider …as to be the burning of buildings, it may also be the burning of cars, boats, personal property and land.

Task 5 Give Kazakh / Russian equivalents for the following general types of punishment. Put them in descending order of severity.

Task 6. Which of the sentences listed in the Task 5 fit the following offences? Give your reasons.

Task 7. Complete the following text using the words and expressions from the box.

There are several kinds of punishment available in the courts. In civil cases the most common punishment is a _________. For criminal offences fines are also often used when the _______ is not a very serious and when the ________ has not been in trouble before. Another kind of punishment available in some countries is ____________ __________. This requires the offender to do a certain amount of unpaid work, usually for a social institution such as a hospital. For more serious crimes the usual punishment is ___________. Some prison sentences are suspended: the offender is not sent to prison if he keeps out of trouble for a fixed period of time, but if he does offend again both suspended sentence and a new one will be imposed. The length of sentences varies from a few days to a lifetime. However, a life sentence may allow the prisoner to be released after a suitability long period if a review (_________) board agrees his detention no longer serves a purpose. In some countries, such as Netherlands, _________ __________in prison are fairly good because it is felt that deprivation of liberty is ___________in itself and should not be so harsh that it reduces the possibility of the __________ reeducating and reforming himself. In other countries, conditions are very bad.

Task 2. Capital punishment is carried out by different methods. Match the words and pictures.

Capital punishment, death penalty or execution is punishment by death. The sentence is referred to as a death sentence. Crimes that can result in death penalty are known as capital crimes or capital offences.

Capital punishment is carried out by hanging (Iran, Japan, South Korea, for example); electrocution, gassing or lethal injection (U.S.); beheading (Saudi Arabia); or shooting (China, Thailand). Although most countries still have a death penalty; 103 countries have completely abolished it, 6 retain it for exceptional сrimes only such as war crimes; and 50 have abolished it de facto, which means that they have not used it at least ten years or under moratorium. In other words, over 60% of the world’s population live in the countries where execution take place. The UN has declared itself in favor of abolition, Amnesty International actively campaign for abolition, and the issue is now the focus of great debate.

Supporters of capital punishment believe that death is a just punishment for certain serious crimes. Many also believe that it deters others from committing such crimes. Opponents argue that execution is cruel, inhuman and degrading punishmen t. Capital punishment involves not only the pain of dying but also the mental anguish of waiting, sometimes for years, to know if and when sentence will be carried out. Opponents also argue that there is no evidence that it deters people from committing murder any more than imprisonment does.

A further argument is that, should a mistake be done, it is too late to rectify it once the execution has taken place. A recent study by Columbia University Law School found that two thirds of all capital trials contained serious errors. When the cases were retried, over 80% of the defendants were not sentenced to death and 7% were completely acquitted. According to FBI data, at least 27 innocent people had been executed in the United States. Researches show that capital punishment system is unreliable.

In addition, while in some countries young people are not sent to prison but to special juvenile detention centers, since 2009 in Iran, Saudi Arabia, Sudan and Pakistan children under 18 have been legally put to death.

As the debate about capital punishment continues the phenomenon of death row (people sentenced but still). Since 2004 no one was executed in Kazakhstan, but five people were sentenced to death. The Constitution of the Republic of Kazakhstan retains the death penalty as an exceptional punishment for two types of crime: terroristic crimes which have resulted in death casualties and grave crimes committed during war time. The criminal code of Kazakhstan specifies 19 offences that fall into the two categories for which the Constitution allows the death penalty. [11]

Живите по правилу: МАЛО ЛИ ЧТО НА СВЕТЕ СУЩЕСТВУЕТ? Я неслучайно подчеркиваю, что место в голове ограничено, а информации вокруг много, и что ваше право...

Конфликты в семейной жизни. Как это изменить? Редкий брак и взаимоотношения существуют без конфликтов и напряженности. Через это проходят все...

ЧТО ПРОИСХОДИТ ВО ВЗРОСЛОЙ ЖИЗНИ? Если вы все еще «неправильно» связаны с матерью, вы избегаете отделения и независимого взрослого существования...

Что вызывает тренды на фондовых и товарных рынках Объяснение теории грузового поезда Первые 17 лет моих рыночных исследований сводились к попыткам вычислить, когда этот...

Не нашли то, что искали? Воспользуйтесь поиском гугл на сайте: