Spread of mountains and rivers in all the directions

Vaishampayana said — О king, abode the surface of the water, the earth was lodged like the floating boat, which was gigantic in size, because of which it could not be drowned in the water.

Thereafter the lord thought of dividing the earth. He repeatedly thought over the height of the mountains, the line indicating the route of the rivers, and the length upto which they were to flow, their size as well as whether they would flow towards the east or the south, their flow is the glory of each one of the river.

Establishing the earth surrounded by the four oceans, like the four lotus leaves, he created the great ocean as well. Then in the middle path of the earth, the golden Sumeru mountain was established.

Thereafter, moving in the eastern direction, he created the Udayacala mountain with a height of a thousand yojanas and it was spread into an area of a hundred yojanas.

It has the golden peaks. Each on of its peaks is resplendent like the rising sun. They shine with their own lustre. The entire earth has been made like a pedestal.

The lotus eyed Hari, also created huge golden trees with thick trunks, over the said mountain. They were always blossoming with the flowers and were laden with fruits.

Thereafter, the great lord Hari, built the Saumanas mountain which was a hundred yojanas in width and the length was three hundred yojanas.

Then he collecting several types of gems and pearls, built a beautiful pedestal, which illumined like the evening clouds.

Thereafter, the lord, created a mountain known as Sahasra-Srnga (a mountain with a thousand peaks, which was decorated with many gem studded rocks. The thick trees added to its glory. The said mountain was sixty yojanas in height.

Then lord Hari, the preserver of the people and who activity is visible in the world, built a place for himself as well, which was the best and was honoured by all the living beings.

Thereafter, the lord created Himalaya, which was the abode of snow. It is quite deep and in accessible. There are many caves in it.

He also created a divine river which originated from the Himalaya. It came to be known as Vasundhara or Ganga and was served by the innumerable Brahmanas, having vast banks.

The auspicious river flowed towards the eastern direction and carrying hundreds of tributaries with her which added to her grace. Here tributaries were resplendent like the pearls and counches, and are filled with sweet water like nectar.

The same river is decorated with the beautiful trees, growing on her banks. These trees always blossom with flowers and are laden with fruits, providing shades quite widely.

Thus dividing the eastern direction, the lord created a divine mountain in the southern direction, which appeared like the one made in gold and silver.

On one side it shines like the lustre of the sun, while on the other side it appears like the silver with the moon rays falling over it. In this way the said mountain is doubly graced in golden and white colours.

It appears as having the resplendence of the sun and the moon collectively. The great mountain appears like the sun incarnated on earth. It bestows all the wishes of the mind, is quite pleasent and is surrounded by the beautiful trees on all the sides.

Thereafter the lord created a mountain resembling an elephant which was spread in many yojanas. It was surrounded by the golden caves on all the sides.

Thereafter, he created a mountain of the shape of a bull, which had the golden and crystal trees. With the flowers blossoming bn its trees, it looked as if smiling in delight.

Thereafter the lord created the mountain Mahendra, which was known as Girirdja. It was a hundred yojanas in height and golden peaks. Its huge trees were blossoming with flowers. It appeared like the peace incarnate on earth.

Thereafter lord Hari, created the Malaya mountain with several gems resplendent like the sun and the moon, where a large number of trees laden with fruits were blooming.

Thereafter, he created a vast and a beautiful mountain in the south, known by the name of Mainaka, having a large number of rocks.

Then he created the Vindhyagiri, having a thousand peaks, with a river originating from the same. It has the banks like the shoulders and a large number of whirlpools in its water. Its water was clean like the milk. It came to be known by the name of Naramadd. The divine and the pleasent river, last hundreds of holyshrines over its banks. It filled the southern direction with its auspicious water.

Thus establishing the southern direction, the lord moved in the western direction, whose he built Astacala, the king of mountains having vast and gold like peaks.

It had golden rocks and the caves which added to its glory. The sal and the Tar trees which were there in abundance illumined like the sun and were spread everywhere.

The glorious and wonderful pedestals besides the golden peaks added to the grace of the mountain. The lord had rehabilitated sixty thousand mountains, which resembled the Meru mountain in size and area.

Then the lord established the mountain, which made thousands of water streams to flow and was auspicious like sacred place. It was spread in sixty yojanas and had similar height.

He also established a mountain resembling his ownself which resembled lapiz lazuli gem.

There are the rocks of gold and silver over that mountain the lord also established cakra-van giri, resembling a cakra, having the thousands of peaks.

Besides that he also established a mountain of silver, which was as bright as the conch. It was therefore given name of Samkha. The white trees were grown over it.

In the foreparst of the said mountain, Parijata tree which was gem studied was blossoming with flowers.

In the westurn direction lord Varaha also created a river filled with auspicious water which came to be known by the name of Grtadhara.

Thus dividing the mountains in the western direction he also established mountain the north which were resplendent like the gold and were of high quality.

Thereafter he created a mountain named Saumyagiri, which was covered with gold and other metals, which was quite charming and almost touched the sky.

That country remained lighted even in the absence of the sun because of the resplendence of that mountain. The lustre of the mountain was increased with the rise of the sun.

As the noon looks faded out, with the rise of the sun at noon, similarly in the presence of that mountain, the burning sun also appeared as having been faded out.

Thereafter, the lord created Agastyagiri, with thousands of peaks, may sacred places and filled with the gems.

Thereafter the Mandaracala mountain was created having enormous qualities besides the Gandhamadan mountain which was filled with the fragrant flowers.

Then the Gandhamadana mountain, over which grows the gigantic rose apple tree which was gold like, endless and wonderful.

Then he created Trikuta mountain with three peaks, and Kailasa — the best of the mountains, which was quite resplendent.

Then Shri Hari, who had taken to the form of Varaha, established the Himavan mountain which had enormous metals in it.

Besides this the lord created a river known as Madhudha.ro., which was served by hundreds of Rishis.

At that point of time Paramesthi lord Hari, provided wings to all the mountains, which could fly at will, taking to any form, which made them wonderful.

In this way the lord, with the welfare of the universe in view, dividing the earth, made use of his wisdom for the creation of the gods and the asuras.

Then lord Narayana the preserver of the universe, for the benefit of the whole world seated in all the directions, the mountains with several names, and the rivers filled with water.

Here ends chapter — 35, of Bhavisya Parva of the Harivariisa Purana, a supplement of the epic of Mahabharata, relating to the spread of mountains and rivers in all the directions.(CVrs. 1-50, P.T. = 11,220)

Vaishampayana said — О Janamejaya, thereafter, lord Narayana, who happens to be the ancestor in the world, mentally thought of creating the universe. It is said, that a human appeared from his month, who standing before the lord, with folded hands, asked him, "O lord, what can I do for you. Then the eternal Jagadisvara replied to him smilingly.

You better divided your own forms." This speaking, lord disappeared at the same time. О Bharata, like the extinguishing of the lamp, he disappeared with his body. There is no movement of the lord.

О Bharata, then the human, who appeared from the month of the lord, being quite powerful and was known as Hiranyagarbha, frequently heard in the vedic hymns, kept on thinking over the speech of the lord repeatedly.

He was the first Prajapati, lord of all the Bhuvanas, was born first of all. Because the first part of the sacrifice goes to him alone.

Prajapati then mentally thought — The supreme soul has desired me to divided my own. forms. But I am in doubt dividing my own self.

While thus thinking the word omkara suddenly was uttered from his mouth. The same word was repeated by him over the earth, space and the heaven.

Thus reciting the word от, Prajapati, the lord of gods, the word vasatakara appeared from his heart which was the essence of the mind.

Thereafter the essence of the earth, space, and the heaven, known as bhuh, bhuvah, svah also appeared which were the three Mahavrtis.

The goddess Gayatri, the foremost of the vedas appeared an earth, which comprised of twenty four letters. Then lord Brahma, having been remained of that pada produced the divine Savitrimantra.

Then the powerful lord Prajapati,' with the application of Brahma-karma, RK, Sama, Yajuh and Atharva vedas were completely composed.

Then he caused to created Sana, Spnaha, Sanatana, and the bountiful lord Sanandana, the virtuous Sanatkumara, and Suanatana (second) these six are the mind born sons of Brahma, who were known as great Rishis.

All the yogis, and yati Brahmanas, pray to Brahma and Kapila together with the six Rishis like Soma, Somaha and others.

Thereafter the bountiful lord Brahma, further created eight mind born sons known as Marici, Atri, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, Bhrgu, Angira and Manu. The universe was created by these eight mind born sons of Brahma, who happened to be the fathers of all the Bhutas, the gods, asuras and the Raksasas.

On the expiry of a thousand yugas and the people of these yugas and the expiry of the entire kalpa achieve salutation or nirvrti.

Thereafter the lapse of thousands of years, the creation is repeated for the rebirth of the divine progeny.

But because of the Yuga in each one of the kalpas, because of their activities (.karmas) some difference crops up in the names of the gods.

О Naresvara, from the womb of the wife of Daksa, many famous girls were born, who happen to be the mothers of the universe. Their progeny is spread in all the three lokas.

Daksa married thirteen of his daughters named Aditi, Diti, Kala, Danaya, Simhika, Muni, Pratha, Krodha, Surabhi, Vinata, Surasa, Danu and Kadru to Kasyapa — the great sage.

Thereafter Daksa, who was well aware of the movement of the time, while thinking of the benefit of the people, gave away the ten daughters known by the names of Vasu, Arundhati, Yami, Lamba, Bhanu, Marutvati, Samkalpa, Muhwrta, Sadhya, and Visva to Manu — the son of Brahma.

Then the ten daughters who had spotless limbs, lotus like eyes, and pleasent faces like the full moon, were quite divine possessing the excellent fragrance, and known by the names of Kirti, Laksml, Dhrti, Pusti, Medha, Ksama, Май, Lajja were given by Daksa to Dharma.

Atri got a son, with water like face and he came to be known as the moon, who is the lord of the planets, decorated with thousands of moon rays, and who removes the darkness.

Pracetus Daksa, gave away his twenty seven daughters in marrieage to moon. All of them had the names representing the constellations.

The progeny produced by Kasyapa, Manu, Dharma, and the moon, including their sons, grand sons are being discribed by me.

Kasyapa produced, the gods, named:- Aryama, Varuna, Mitra, Piisa, Dhata, Indra, Tvasta, Bhaga, Arhsu, Savita, and Parjanya. These gods who were produced from the aihsa of Kasyapa from the wombs of Aditi, who came to be known as Adityas.

It is heard by us that initially Kasyapa produced two sons from the womb of Diti. They were known as the valorous Hiranyakasipu and Hiranyaksa. Both of them were quite powerful and faced Kasyapa by means of tapas.

Hiranyakasipu had five powerful sons, who came to be known as Prahlada, Samhrada, Anuhrada, valorous Hrada, and Anuhrada — the fifth one. Prahlada was the eldest of all and Amuhrada was the next to him.

Three valorous sons were born to Prahlada, who came to be known by the name of Virocana, Jamba, and Sujamba.

Bali was the son of Virocana, while Bali and a son named Banasura Bana had only one son, who was known as Indradaman. He could conquer the cities of the enemies.

Danu had many sons, who were the well known Raksasas of their race. Viprucitti was the eldest of all, who became the king of the Danavas.

A community was born from Krodha, the number of whose sons and grand sons was endless. The entire community came to be known as Krodhavasa, who indulged in cruel activities.

Simhika produced the planet Rahu, who caused trouble to the the sun and the moon. He was the one who could eclipse the sun and the moon, making them invisible.

A terrific gana was born out of Kala who came to be known as Kaleya. The eyes of his community were shining like the sun. The complexion of them bodies was blue (or black).

Kadru produced many sons including Sesanaga with a thousand hoods, Vasiiki and Taksaka, were quite promitnent.

All of them are noble, well versed in the Vedas and always engaged themselves in the welfare of the people. They are supporters of the people, benevolent and can take to any form at will.

Besides them, Tarkhya, Arista nemi, valorous Garuda, and Aruni are the sons of Vinita.

The auspicious Pradha who was honoured by the Rishis, gave birth to auspicious apsaras of different complexion possessing flowery symptions. They were eight in number.

Their names were Anavadya, Мали, Vamsa, Апйпа, Anunaprlya, Anuga, Subhaga, and Bhasi. These were her eight daughters.

The apsaras known by the names of Alambusa, Misrakesi, Pundarika, Tilattama, SurUpa, Laksana, Ksenia, Rambha, Manorama, Asita, Subahu, Suvrtta, Sumukhl, Supriya, Sugandha, Surasa, Pramathini, Kasya and Sadvati, are known to have been born of Muni (the daughter of Daksa. Visva, Vasu and Bharanl, besides Gandharva. were also born of Muni.

The apsaras known by the names of Menaka, Sahajanya, Parnika, Puhjikasthala, Ghrtasthala, Grtachl, Visvachl, Urvasi, Anumloca, and Pramloca were the ten apsaras born to Manovati. The other apsaras mentioned in the Vedas were born of the samkalpa of Prajapati. They were loveable in all the bhuvanas.

The nectar, the Brahmanas, the cows, and Rudras were born of Surabhi - the sacred cow. This is the important decision of the Purana. So far the progeny of Kasyapa has described. Now you listen from me, details about the progeny of Manu.

О sinless king, I shall narrate this in brief. Visvedavas are the sons of Visva, while Sadhya gave birth to the Sadhyas gods.

Marutvan was born out of the womb of Merutvati. The sons of Vasu, came to be known as Vasus. Bhanu's sons were known as Bhanus. The sons of MuhUrtd. were known as MuhUrtas.

Lamba gave birth to Ghosa, Nagavithi was born of Jami. All the elements of the world were born out of Marutvati.

О son of Kuru's race, Samkalpa gave birth to a son named Samkalpa. A son named Kama was born of Dharma and his wife Laksml, who has established her superiority over the earth.

Two sons were born of Kama and his wife Rati, who were known as Yasa and Harsa. Soma produced from his wife Rohitii, an illustrious son named Varcd.

Varcha is the same, with the rise of which the moon is filled with resplendence. From Varcd or Buddha the illustrious Pururava was born. Urvasi was attracted towards him and loved him.

With the union of the men and the women, thousands of sons and the daughters were born. This is the root of the universe, over which all the lokas are established.

Lord Prajapati who is well-versed in the yoga, having a glance over all the living beings from the point of view of merit, appropriately eatablished them over the important positions.

The Prajapati, created all the ten directions, the earth oceans, mountains, trees, osadhis, serpents, rivers, gods, asuras, Marica and the creator of the world, besides the earth, activity, sacrifices, the mountain ranges.

Here ends chapter — 36, of Bhavisya Parva of the Harivamsa Purana, a supplement of the epic of Mahabharata relating to the creation of the world. (Vrs. 1-61, P.T. = 11,281)

Vaishampayana said — О son of Bharata, Brahma declared Indra as the lord of three lokas and the Adityas who are resplendent like the sun.

The victorious Indra, was born out of the womb of Aditi. His body was adorned with the coat of arms and holds Vajra in his hand as his attribute. He helps Smrti besides being illustrious. The Brahmanas well-versed in the Yajurveda, praise him.

As soon as lord Indra was born, the Brahmanas carried him over the Kusa- grass. Since that time, he came to be known as Kausika.

Indra with a thousand eyes, was consecrated over the kingship of the three worlds, after which Brahma, divided the rulers of different classes.

Then Soma — the moon was established as the king of osadhis, besides the yajnas, tapas, planets, constellations.

Daksa was made the lord of Prajapatis, Varuna was declared as the lord of waters, Yama the god of death was made the lord of Pitrs or manes.

At that point of time, the wind god was admitted as the lord of fragrance, the living beings, sound, the sky and the strength.

All the bhutas, pisacas, the deaths, the cows, disturbances, grahas, ailments, diseases, seasonal disasters, and the Vratas were placed under the charge of lord Mahadeva.

Visrava's son Kuber was declared as the controller of Yaksas, Raksasas, Gahyakas, besides the riches, all the diamonds, gems etc.

The Nagas with huge fungs were put in change of Vasuki, while the other serpents were placed under the great serpent Taksaka.

Parajanya, the juniour most of the Adityas was made the lord of oceans, rivers, clouds, and the rains.

Then Brahma., made Citraratha as the lord of Gandharvas, while Kamadeva was made as the lord of all the apsaras.

Nandi, who adorns the flag of lord Siva, was declared as the lord of all the quadrupeds as well as the vehicles.

The powerful Hiranyaksa was declared as the king of Daityas, while Hiranyakasipu was declared as the crown prince.

Mahakala was declared the master of Kalakeyas. The sons of Danayasas among than, were made to be ruled by Vrtrasura.

Rahu — the great asura — the son of Simhika, was made as the lord of several disturbances or the evil events.

О son of Bharata, all the seasons, yugas, fortnights, months, dates, parvas, kalas, Kasthas, and the muhUrtas, besides the movements of Uttarayana and Daksinayana were to be ruled by samvatsara as the king. He was also declared as the lord of yoga and arithmatics.

Garuda with beautiful wings, who could spot the birds from a long distance, was made the lord of large serpents as well as the other living beings.

Aruna — the brother of Garuda, who is of red complexion like the Chinese rose flowers, was declared as the lord of all the Sadhyas as well as the yogas.

Viratha the son of Prajapati Kasyapa, was declared as the king of the eastern direction by Indra.

Dharmaraja, the glorious son of Aditya was made to rule the southern direction or the abode of Yama. He was welcomed by Mahendra.

Varuna — the mind born son of Kasyapa who always lived inside the water and was known as Amburaja, was declared as the ruler of the western direction.

Pulastya has an illustrious son named Pingalu and was powerful like Indra. He had only one eye, he was declared as the ruler of the nothern direction.

In this way, Brahma, the creator of the universe divided the several kindoms. He allotted separate lokas in the heaven.

Some of them were allotted the lokas resplendent like the sun, while others were given the lokas burning like fire. Some of them were given the lokas resplendent like the lightning, while others got the lokas like the shining and spotless moon.

All of them were the lokas meant for the people performing the noble deeds they were inaccessible to the sinners and the evil people.

Such of the bright lokas which are clearly visible, and look beautiful, they are meant for the use of the noble people.

Such of the people who adore the lord with the performing of the yajnas giving enough of the Daksina love their own wives, besides being peaceful, simple, truthful, compassionate on the miserable and those in distress, devoted to the Brahmanas, devoid of greed, devoid of rajoguna, spotless, such of the noble people, achieve that loka.

Brahma, who is Prajapad of the universe thus establishing his sons in different kindoms, went back to his place known as Puskara.

With the kingdoms allotted by the self born Brahma, the sons of Brahma, or the gods, started living in their respective places, getting secure from Indra, with delight.

Indra who consumed the food of yajna and other gods, which were allotted by Brahma to them. They felt delighted. They performed their duty, earned glory and the heaven.

Here ends chapter — 37, of Bharvisya Parva of the Harivamsa Purana a supplement of the epic of Mahabharata relating to Brahma's announcing of the lords of the different regions.(CVrs. 1-33, P.T. = 11,314)

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